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Weather

Weather. Weather Factors. Weather: The state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place(current) TEMPERATURE= the average motion of molecules ↑ TEMP= ↑ movement of molecules= feels hot ↓ TEMP= ↓ movement of molecules= feels cold. Air Pressure.

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Weather

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  1. Weather

  2. Weather Factors • Weather: The state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place(current) TEMPERATURE=the average motion of molecules ↑ TEMP= ↑movement of molecules= feels hot ↓ TEMP= ↓movement of molecules= feels cold

  3. Air Pressure • Warm air= expanding or rising air= leaves behind L pressure • Cold Air=sinking air= leaves an area of H pressure

  4. What causes winds? • A wind is a horizontal movement of air from a area of high pressure to an area of low pressure • It is this difference in pressure that makes the air move=wind • Winds are measured by direction and speed • Wind chill=↑ cooling the wind causes

  5. Local Winds • The land cools and heats faster than the ocean. Water holds heat longer than land, and takes longer to heat or cool. SEA BREEZE: During the day, the land gets hotter faster than the water. The heated air rises, leaving behind an area of low pressure. Wind from the cooler sea blows in to take the place of that warmer air.

  6. Land Breezes At night the lands cools off faster than the sea. Cool air sinks creating an area of high pressure. Wind blows from the land to the sea.

  7. Global Circulation and Wind Systems • Solar energy is at its greatest around the equator---Why?

  8. Coriolis effect • The Coriolis effect is defined as the apparent deflection of objects (such as airplanes, wind, missiles, and ocean currents) moving in a straight path relative to the earth's surface Coriolis Clip

  9. Trade Winds • Winds that blow steadily from east to west and toward the equator over most of the tropical area. • The trade winds are caused by hot air rising at the equator, with cool air moving in to take its place from the north and from the south.

  10. Jet stream • Jet streams are like rivers of wind high above in the atmosphere. • These slim strips of strong winds have a huge influence on climate, as they can push air masses around and affect weather patterns. • The jet streams on Earth — typically run from west to east

  11. Water in the Atmosphere: Humidity • Humidity: measure of the amount of water vapor stuck between molecules in the air. The air’s ability to hold water depends on the air temp • The hotter the air, the more water the air can hold • Cold air: molecules move slower so droplets of water can start to stick together=condensation • Relative humidity: the amount of water vapor(%) compared to the amount the air can hold- tool used is a psychrometer. • 100%=air is saturated

  12. Air Masses • Air masses are masses of air that have the same characteristics of the surface over which it develops • Pressure Systems descending (going down)=H pressure ascending (going up)=L pressure Fronts: the boundary between 2 air masses

  13. This is the symbol on a map for a warm front Warm Front • warm air slides over departing cold air- large bands of precipitation form

  14. This is the symbol for a cold front Cold Fronts • Cold air pushes under a warm air mass. Warm air rises quickly=narrow bands of violent storms form

  15. This is the weather map symbol for an occluded front Occluded Front • 2 air masses merge and force warm air between them to rise quickly. Strong winds and heavy precipitation will occur

  16. This is the weather map symbol for a stationary front Stationary Front • Warm or cold front stops moving. Light wind and precipitation may occur across the front boundary

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