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Fostering RTD in the maritime periphery

Fostering RTD in the maritime periphery. Dr. Eng.Gonzalo MOLINA IGARTUA Head of Unit Management of Energy RTD programmes CPMR WORKING GROUP SEMINAR ENERGY FOR THE PERIPHERY PAMPLONA 5-6 OCTOBER 2006. Directorate-General for Energy and Transport. R&D – European weaknesses.

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Fostering RTD in the maritime periphery

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  1. Fostering RTD in the maritime periphery Dr. Eng.Gonzalo MOLINA IGARTUA Head of Unit Management of Energy RTD programmes CPMR WORKING GROUP SEMINAR ENERGY FOR THE PERIPHERY PAMPLONA 5-6 OCTOBER 2006 Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  2. R&D – European weaknesses Note: (1) 2000 data (2) 2002 data (3) 2003 data 2

  3. What’s new in FP7? Main new elements compared to FP6: • Annual budget increased: - for non nuclear energy: total 2264 M€ = 320 M€/year • Simplification of procedures • Logistical and administrative tasks transferred to external structures 3

  4. FP7 2007 -2013 Specific Programmes Cooperation – Collaborative research Ideas – Frontier Research People – Human Potential Capacities – Research Capacity + JRC (non-nuclear) JRC (nuclear) Euratom 4

  5. Cooperation – Collaborative research 9 Thematic Priorities • Health • Food, agriculture and biotechnology • Information and communication technologies • Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies • Energy • Environment (including climate change) • Transport(including aeronautics and maritime) • Socio-economic sciences and the humanities • Security and space + Euratom: Fusion energy research, nuclear fission and radiation protection 5

  6. Cooperation – Collaborative research • Under each theme there will be sufficient flexibility to address both Emerging needsand Unforeseen policy needs • Dissemination of knowledge and transfer of results will be supported in all thematic areas • Support will be implemented across all themes through: Collaborative research (Collaborative projects; Networks of Excellence; Coordination/support actions) Joint Technology Initiatives Coordination of non-Community research programmes (ERA-NET; ERA-NET+; Article 169) International Cooperation 6

  7. Joint TechnologyInitiatives Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Hydrogen and Fuel Cells for a Sustainable Energy Future Aeronautics and Air Transport Towards new Nanoelectronics Approaches Innovative Medicines for the Citizens of Europe Embedded systems More on Technology platforms and JTI Other possible themes to be identified later…

  8. 5. Energy OBJECTIVE Transforming the current fossil-fuel based energy system into a more sustainable one based on a diverse portfolio of energy sources and carriers combined with enhanced energy efficiency, to address the pressing challenges of security of supply and climate change, whilst increasing the competitiveness of Europe’s energy industries. 8

  9. Hydrogen and fuel cells Renewable electricity generation Renewable fuel production Renewables for heating and cooling CO2 capture and storage techn. for zero emission generation Clean coal technologies Smart energy networks Energy efficiency andsavings Knowledge for energy policy making 5. Energy More on Energy 9

  10. CIP and the renewed Lisbon • A more attractive place to invest and work • Knowledge and innovation are the beating • heart of European growth • Allowing our businesses to create more and • better jobs 10

  11. Complementarities between FP7 and CIP 11

  12. Intelligent Energy Projects in the CIP • Promotion and Dissemination, incl. awareness raising, education/training, networking, energy agencies, strategic studies for preparation/review of legislation, monitor implementation of regulatory framework • Market Replicationof just-proven technologies of European interest, bridging the gap between the demonstration and the mass deployment of innovative technologies management assisted by Intelligent Energy Executive Agency 12

  13. The relation between community instruments Energy Policy: To solve problems and needs of society Research Policy: Development of new technologies DG TREN DG RTD Market COST OF RES ECOBUILDINGS CONCERTOCIVITAS ALTERNATIVE FUELSPOLYGENERATION LEGISLATION IEE Dissemination Demonstration Research and Development Short term Medium term Long term n° 13 General Directorate for Energy and Transport

  14. INNOVATION IN CIVITAS/ECO-BUILDINGS/CONCERTO “Innovative integration of known and advanced and/or improved technologies in order to help to solve the problems and needs of society in relation with energy” n° 14 Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  15. SOLAR ENERGY Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  16. FP5 (1998-2002) Results • PHOTOVOLTAICS: 100 projects launched in Europe • 40 projects in the S/M term • Total cost €150 M • EC contribution €45 M • 60 projects in the M/L term • Total cost €135 M • EC contribution €65 M • SOLAR THERMAL POWER • 3 Major multi-MW demonstration S/M projects • Total cost ~ €300 M • EC contribution of €15 M • A number of projects in the M/L term domain • EC contribution of €10 M Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  17. FP6 (2002-2006) Results • PHOTOVOLTAICS (S/M + M/L) • 28 new projects launched EC contribution €99,5 M Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  18. Photovoltaic Technology Platform • The PV Technology Platform is operational • 4 Working groups and Steering committee in place • Interested parties in the PV sector to work together on a longer term basis • Expected Impact of Platform • Raise overall RTD investment & promoting public/private partnership • Address obstacles for deployment and accelerate market penetration • Achieve coherent and consistent policy and regulatory framework in the EU Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  19. Photovoltaic module price decrease: history Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  20. WIND ENERGY Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information - Communication

  21. Wind Energy in Europe • Global wind power capacity has grown to over 50,000MW by mid-2005. Europe represents 73% of total installed capacity. • In 2004, European companies had a market share of 80% of the € 8 billion market for wind turbines. Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information - Communication

  22. Europe as Wind Energy world leader • Europe has : • 80% global manufacturing share • 70% annual and cumulative market • Annual market value of ~ € 7bn • 72% capacity in 2 countries • 75,000 jobs • Generates 2.8% EU electricity • By 2010 wind is predicted to; • Annual electricity generation of 167 TWh, equivalent to 5.5% of European electricity demand, (=34m people) • 28% of all new installed generation capacity • 10.6% of overall generation capacity • Deliver 50% of the Renewable Directive target • Meet >30% of the EU Kyoto Protocol commitment • Cumulative CO2 savings of 523m • :Avoid €13 billion imported fuel costs, • Avoid €10-25 billion external costs • Data for 2001-2010 WIND POWER INSTALLED IN EUROPE BY END OF 2005 (CUMULATIVE) EU – 40,504 MWACCESSION COUNTRIES – 28 MWEFTA COUNTRIES – 279 MW Finland82 Sweden500 Norway267 Iceland0 Estonia30 Faroe Islands 4 Latvia26 Rep. Of Ireland495.5 Denmark3,122 Lithuania7 UK1,353 Netherlands1,219 Germany18,428 Poland73 Belgium167 Luxembourg35 Czech Republic26 Ukraine82 Slovakia5 Switzerland11.6 Austria819 Hungary17 France757 Romania1.4 Croatia6 Portugal1,022 Spain10,027 Slovenia 0 Bulgaria1 Italy1,717 Turkey20 Greece573 Cyprus0 Malta0 Source: EWEA Note: Due to previous-year adjustments, project decomissioning of 50 MW, and rounding, the 2005 end-of-year cumulative capacity total does not exactly match the year-end 2004 total plus the 2005 additions.

  23. European Onshore / OffshoreWind Energy today • End 2005, offshore wind was 1,68% of total installed wind power capacity, but generated 3,11% of electricity from wind energy • End 2005, Denmark (398 MW), U.K. (214 MW), Ireland (25 MW), Sweden (23,3 MW) and the Netherlands (18 MW) had operating offshore wind farms.

  24. Offshore Wind Energy • There remain big unexploited wind resources onshore but the offshore potential is greater still • Latest projections from the European Commission suggest that wind power in Europe could reach a total of 70.000 MW by 2010 incl. 14.000 MW offshore • Looking further ahead, the European Wind Energy Association has adopted a target for a total of 180.000 MW to be reached in 2020, of which 70.000 MW would be located offshore • The development of the offshore wind energy production is an opportunity for industry, it increases diversity and security of electricity supply, and it will help reach the Commission targets for renewables and for reduction of greenhouse gases emissions.

  25. FP6 “DOWNVInD” Project : the flagship project for offshore wind energy development in Europe • New world records have been broken as the machines are the first wind turbines in international waters, the furthest from shore (25 km), the biggest (5 MW) and in the deepest water (42 m)

  26. CHALLENGES IN WIND ENERGY • Growing markets:Larger machines for optimal exploitation of the wind potential. High penetration levels of wind require short-term production forecasts • Emerging markets:Off-shore Large machines with highest reliability to reduce infrastructure and maintenance costs. Cost effective foundations and grid-connection. • New Member States: Setting-up of an industry and a support infrastructure, creating confidence, develop framework conditions Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information - Communication

  27. BIOMASS Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  28. BIOMASS ACTION PLAN MAIN COMPONENTS Current use and future potential, land availability, food & other industrial needs Functioning solid biofuels European market including international trade Power + 35 Mtoe/a by 2010 Heat/ Cooling +27 Mtoe/a by 2010 Trans-port +18 Mtoe/a by 2010 Total: + 80 Mtoe by 2010 Socio-economic issues and proper approach to the EU citizen Strategic research agenda FP7 Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  29. Biomass Action Plan outputs COM 2005 – 628 Final • In total more than 30 specific measures proposed to stimulate the Bioenergy market and distributed under five areas ( Details in Annex 1) : • - Biomass Heating • - Biomass for Electricity generation • - Transport Biofuels • - Cross cutting issues • - Research Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  30. Biomass Action Plan outputs COM 2005 – 628 Final • Cross cutting issues (some main issues) -Encourage MSs to develop BAPs - Prepare Forest Action Plan (E use), - Develop spot market for pellets/ chips - Review waste/ by-products legislation for use of clean fuels (SRF, animal by-products) • Research: FP7( bio-refinery,second generation biofuels, technology platforms, optimisation raw materials/ conversion processes) Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  31. EU Forest - Wood resourcesBarriers to overcome • Fragmented ownership and bad cooperation • (65 % private ownership) • Limited market for small sized wood • Competition from existing uses of wood • Lack of steady policy & stable market conditions • Conservative forest management Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  32. Conceptual-Technologicalbreakthrough in BM • Biological processes: • digestion (aerobic/ anaerobic): mature • Thermochemical processes • Combustion/ co-combustion: mature • Gasification : high expectation (synthetic • Biofuels), still to solve (ash melting, fouling/ • Cleaning gases (tars)) • Flash Pyrolysis : bio-oil ( technical as gasif.) Source: EUROSTAT Directorate General for Energy and Transport

  33. Renewable fuelproduction in FP7 POTENTIAL FIELDS OF ACTIVITY ??? Innovative improvements in the production of first-generation of biofuels: From sugar rich crops and from starch From oil crops, animal tallow and used cooking oil From high moisture biomass Production of second generation of liquid biofuels for transport: Ethanol from lignocellulosics Synthetic biofuels via gasification Hydrogenation of oils Pyrolisis followed by hydrogenation Biorefineries Use in fleets of biofuels Socioeconomic research Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  34. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

  35. Promotion of associated technological breakthrough in geothermal energy • The following areas are the focus of R&D in the European Union: • hot Dry Rock Heat & Power Production and Demonstration • improving ground heat exchangers / ground source heat pumps techn. • 100% remote controlled geothermal systems • power generation from low enthalpy resources • geothermal absorption cooling applications • exploration of geothermal resources (integrated geology, geochemistry, geophysics, drilling, reservoir rock & fluid properties, heat flow & stored heat estimation) • new power cycles and power plants optimisation Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  36. Ocean Energy Technology 36 Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  37. Shoreline Shoreline Open cycle Land based Closed cycle Floating Near shore Near shore Bottom fixed Bottom fixed Bottom fixed Floating Floating Floating Types of ocean energy(by stage of development) Tidal Energy Thermal Energy Marine Currents Wave Energy Salinity Gradient 37 Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  38. Ocean Energy Costs • Dynamic, fast developing sector • Actual projected production cost bellow 0.10 €/kWh • Average electricity production cost in EU 0.04€/kWh • Target Cost by 2015-2020 0.05 €/kWh 38

  39. Wave Energy Economically exploitable potential in Europe Figures in kW per meter width of incoming wave Resource for: NE Atlantic 290 GW Mediterranean sea 30 GW 39

  40. Tidal Energy Economically exploitable potential in Europe Annual average tidal range in meters Resource for Europe: 12GW Mainly: Arround the British Islands & Ireland Between Channel Islands and France In the straits of Messina In various Greek Islands 40

  41. ECOBUILDINGS Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  42. The associated conceptual and/or technological breakthroughs promoted The unit of action is the Building: • Innovative planning and architecture • Low energy construction and retrofitting material • Symbiotic integration of renewable energy technologies and efficient measures • Innovative building management combined with monitoring Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  43. POLYGENERATION Directorate General for Energy and Transport Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  44. Conceptual and Technological Breakthrough Technical Innovation Main technology areas: Combined Heat & Power + Cooling or Products Main Applications: Polygeneration with biomass Polygeneration with fuel cells Main application area: CHCP Future concept: Bio-refineries Tree harvesting DomesticFuel Cell Directorate General for Energy and Transport Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

  45. CONCERTO WHAT IS supports concrete initiatives of local communities working towards a completely integrated energy policy, harmonizing a substantial use of RES with efficient innovative technologiesand systems to minimize energy consumption and to improve the quality of citizens’ lives. CONCERTO 45

  46. CONCERTO Big industry Smallindustry SMEs Green electricity PV plant Storage Electricity Individual house ESCO Neighbourhood CHP Local CHP plant House with Solar thermal and PV Storage Office buildings Natural Gas Wind power plant n° 46 Directorate General for Energy and Transport Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

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