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Lost in Memories Interacting With Large Photo Collections on PDAs

Lost in Memories Interacting With Large Photo Collections on PDAs. Susumu Harada, Mor Naaman*, Yee Jiun Song, QianYing Wang, Andreas Paepcke. Digital Library Project Stanford University. Motivation. Small devices ubiquitous Storage, bandwidth: cheap The new photo wallet: PDA/Cellphone

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Lost in Memories Interacting With Large Photo Collections on PDAs

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  1. Lost in MemoriesInteracting With Large Photo Collections on PDAs Susumu Harada, Mor Naaman*, Yee Jiun Song, QianYing Wang, Andreas Paepcke Digital Library Project Stanford University

  2. Motivation • Small devices ubiquitous • Storage, bandwidth: cheap • The new photo wallet: PDA/Cellphone • Can have access to all my photos • Co-present sharing JCDL 2004

  3. Acquisition rate • Small screen • Find photos now! • In addition… ! Challenges JCDL 2004

  4. Personal Photo Collections • Searching/browsing very difficult • Little discernible structure to photo collections Warning: repeat! JCDL 2004

  5. Managing Personal Photos • Content-based retrieval • Basic, primitive (far from semantic) • Manual labeling • Improved, yet cumbersome • Visual methods for fast scanning (Zoom) • Don’t scale well, utilize unavailable screen space Warning: repeat! JCDL 2004

  6. Our Approach • Absolutely no human effort required • Utilize automatically-captured, easy-to-get metadata, like time [and location] Warning: repeat! JCDL 2004

  7. Oy Vey! Hmm… I can do this! [JCDL 2002] Big Mama JCDL 2004

  8. Outline • Timeline Browsing • What are “Events” • Timeline user interface • Time clustering (detecting events) • Experiment JCDL 2004

  9. Existing PDAPhoto Browsers • Require manual organization • Even then, is it good enough? JCDL 2004

  10. Instead • Use natural notion of time and event: • Photos that were taken in the same occasion and context. JCDL 2004

  11. Events: Time-based Structure 2003 Shoot bursts Feb Birthday … July 4th Jul Europe Sep JCDL 2004

  12. Cake Gifts Events Sub events Feb 12 Feb Birthday 2pm 5pm July 4th Jul 6pm Europe Sep JCDL 2004

  13. “Drill in”: Click on any box, or use timeline Timeline PDA Opening Game Automaticallycreated“meaningful”events

  14. Dates Stack icon Number ofPhotos Time range Negative space Scroll Go to Thumbnail view Back button

  15. Zoom in time

  16. Flipping Through a Pile in Place

  17. That photo of the DB group members from WWW2003…

  18. That photo of the DB group members from WWW2003…

  19. Outline • Timeline Browsing • Time clustering (detecting events) • Experiment JCDL 2004

  20. Event Detection in Personal Collections • Graham et al (our project). Time as essence for photo browsing through personal digital libraries. JCDL 2002. • U. Gargi. Time-based analysis and event clustering. HP Tech Report (2003). • Platt et al. Phototoc: Automatic clustering for browsing personal photographs. MSR Tech Report (2003). • Stent and Loui. Using event segmentation to improve indexing of consumer photographs. SIGIR 2001. • Cooper et al. Automatically Organizing Digital Photographs Using Time and Content IEEE Image Processing (2004). • More… JCDL 2004

  21. 1 day, 11 hours 10, 15, 13, 26, 400, 21, 55,… Events According to Graham (et al) • Detect threshold gaps (6-24 hours) • Within each segment • Find outliers • Split at outliers • Repeat recursively Time PDA: Merge at any level – limit to 10 events JCDL 2004

  22. Event Tree Years Months Days JCDL 2004

  23. Outline • Timeline Browsing • Time clustering (events) • Experiment JCDL 2004

  24. Experiment: Basic vs. Timeline Basic • 15 subjects • Average 1200 personal photos Timeline TL time view TL thumb JCDL 2004

  25. Tasks • Search: find randomly chosen photo in own collection as quickly as possible • Browsing: build a collage of • Friends • Family • Trip • Special events “Make time span and set of occasions broad” JCDL 2004

  26. The Interface or the Organization? • Controlled using an additional condition • Use automatic organization (events) with basic interface JCDL 2004

  27. Results • Even with basic interface, “automatic” matches “manual” • After learning, Timeline improves search time by 29% over basic. • Timeline success rate better • Least backtracking in Timeline (after learning) JCDL 2004

  28. 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 View Dwelling Times Full Thumbs Day Week Number of Subject-Trials Month Year 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 Time (sec) JCDL 2004

  29. Conclusions • At least as good as manual organization • Novel interface beneficial • Learning effects considerable (even better) JCDL 2004

  30. Current Work • Geo-photos, of course • Utilizing “off screen space” (classify, share) • Data collection JCDL 2004

  31. Off Screen Space JCDL 2004

  32. Thank You! More details: Proceedings Google: Mor Naaman mor@cs.stanford.edu http://www-db.stanford.edu/~mor/ JCDL 2004

  33. Additional Slides JCDL 2004

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