Industry Comes of Age, 1865–1900

Chapter 24 Industry Comes of Age, 1865–1900

Question In the case of Wabash et. al. v. Illinois, the Supreme Court • decreed that individual states had no power to regulate interstate commerce. • prohibited rebates and pools and required the railroads to publish their rates openly. • forbade unfair discrimination against shippers and outlawed charging more for a short haul. • set up the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to administer and enforce the new legislation.

Answer In the case of Wabash et. al. v. Illinois, the Supreme Court • decreed that individual states had no power to regulate interstate commerce. (correct) • prohibited rebates and pools and required the railroads to publish their rates openly. • forbade unfair discrimination against shippers and outlawed charging more for a short haul. • set up the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to administer and enforce the new legislation. Hint: See page 573.

Question The Interstate Commerce Act did all of the following EXCEPT • prohibited rebates and pools and required the railroads to publish their rates openly. • forbade unfair discrimination against shippers and outlawed charging more for a short haul. • set up the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to administer and enforce the new legislation. • decreed that individual states had no power to regulate interstate commerce.

Answer The Interstate Commerce Act did all of the following EXCEPT • prohibited rebates and pools and required the railroads to publish their rates openly. • forbade unfair discrimination against shippers and outlawed charging more for a short haul. • set up the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to administer and enforce the new legislation. • decreed that individual states had no power to regulate interstate commerce. (correct) Hint: See page 573.

Question All of the following were true of Vertical integration EXCEPT Carnegie • integrated every phase of his steel-making operation. • bought up all competitors in the steel industry to virtually monopolize the market. • improved efficiency by making supplies more reliable, controlling product quality at all stages of production, and eliminating middlemen’s fees. • combined into one organization all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing.

Answer All of the following were true of Vertical integration EXCEPT Carnegie • integrated every phase of his steel-making operation. • bought up all competitors in the steel industry to virtually monopolize the market. (correct) • improved efficiency by making supplies more reliable, controlling product quality at all stages of production, and eliminating middlemen’s fees. • combined into one organization all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing. Hint: See page 575.

Question All of the following were true of the American Federation of Labor EXCEPT • it was a federation of exclusively skilled craft unions. • it accepted the framework of American capitalism. • Gompers’s conservative strategy eventually carried the day over the utopian dream of the Knights of Labor. • it consisted of an association of national union, which sacrificed their autonomy by sublimating themselves to the AF of L.

Answer All of the following were true of the American Federation of Labor EXCEPT • it was a federation of exclusively skilled craft unions. • it accepted the framework of American capitalism. • Gompers’s conservative strategy eventually carried the day over the utopian dream of the Knights of Labor. • it consisted of an association of national union, which sacrificed their autonomy by sublimating themselves to the AF of L. (correct) Hint: See page 589.

Question Horizontal integration meant all of the following EXCEPT • combining into one organization all phases of manufacturing. • perfecting the trust— a device for controlling bothersome rivals. • allying with competitors to monopolize a given market. • consolidating and concerting the operations of previously competing enterprises.

Answer Horizontal integration meant all of the following EXCEPT • combining into one organization all phases of manufacturing. (correct) • perfecting the trust— a device for controlling bothersome rivals. • allying with competitors to monopolize a given market. • consolidating and concerting the operations of previously competing enterprises. Hint: See page 575.

Question All of the following were true of the Standard Oil Company EXCEPT • it cornered virtually the entire world petroleum market. • weaker competitors, left out of the trust agreement, were forced to the wall. • Rockefeller’s stunning success inspired many imitators. • it created government-mandated standard pricing, quality control, and delivery mechanisms.

Answer All of the following were true of the Standard Oil Company EXCEPT • it cornered virtually the entire world petroleum market. • weaker competitors, left out of the trust agreement, were forced to the wall. • Rockefeller’s stunning success inspired many imitators. • it created government-mandated standard pricing, quality control, and delivery mechanisms. (correct) Hint: See page 575.

Question All of the following were true of beliefs of Social Darwinism EXCEPT • people gained wealth by “survival of the fittest.” • the wealthy had simply won a natural competition and owed nothing to the poor. • service to the poor would interfere with this organic process. • “The man who dies thus rich dies disgraced.”

Answer All of the following were true of beliefs of Social Darwinism EXCEPT • people gained wealth by “survival of the fittest.” • the wealthy had simply won a natural competition and owed nothing to the poor. • service to the poor would interfere with this organic process. • “The man who dies thus rich dies disgraced.” (correct) Hint: See pages 579–580.

Question All of the following were true of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act EXCEPT it • forbade combinations in restraint of trade. • made distinctions between “good” trusts and “bad” trusts. • contained legal loopholes through which clever corporation lawyers could wriggle. • was used to curb labor unions or labor combinations that were deemed to be restraining trade.

Answer All of the following were true of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act EXCEPT it • forbade combinations in restraint of trade. • made distinctions between “good” trusts and “bad” trusts. (correct) • contained legal loopholes through which clever corporation lawyers could wriggle. • was used to curb labor unions or labor combinations that were deemed to be restraining trade. Hint: See pages 580–581.

Question All of the following are true of Haymarket Square EXCEPT • the Chicago police advanced on a meeting called to protest alleged brutalities by the authorities. • a dynamite bomb was thrown that killed or injured several dozen people, including police. • the judge and jury held that since the arrested anarchists had preached incendiary doctrines, they could be charged with conspiracy. • Governor Altgeld refused to pardon the three surviving anarchists who were not executed.

Answer All of the following are true of Haymarket Square EXCEPT • the Chicago police advanced on a meeting called to protest alleged brutalities by the authorities. • a dynamite bomb was thrown that killed or injured several dozen people, including police. • the judge and jury held that since the arrested anarchists had preached incendiary doctrines, they could be charged with conspiracy. • Governor Altgeld refused to pardon the three surviving anarchists who were not executed. (correct) Hint: See page 589.

Question All of the following were true of the Knights of Labor EXCEPT • it was a loose-knit organization of nearly 1,000,000 working people. • they rejected membership from female members. • they preached tolerance and the solidarity of all working men. • they championed the Contract Labor Law of 1885, which aimed to restrain competition from low-wage immigrant workers.

Answer All of the following were true of the Knights of Labor EXCEPT • it was a loose-knit organization of nearly 1,000,000 working people. • they rejected membership from female members. (correct) • they preached tolerance and the solidarity of all working men. • they championed the Contract Labor Law of 1885, which aimed to restrain competition from low-wage immigrant workers. Hint: See page 590.

Industry Comes of Age, 1865–1900