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The Roaring Twenties

The Roaring Twenties. Unit 13. Trends of the 1920s “A return to normalcy”. Society: Focus on celebrating: life, arts, and living for today Politics: Isolate ourselves from the world Economy: Less government oversight Buy now, pay later. 1920s society and Prohibition.

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The Roaring Twenties

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  1. The Roaring Twenties Unit 13

  2. Trends of the 1920s“A return to normalcy” Society: • Focus on celebrating: life, arts, and living for today Politics: • Isolate ourselves from the world Economy: • Less government oversight • Buy now, pay later

  3. 1920s society and Prohibition • A rejection of the reform movements of Progressivism • 1920: Prohibition established • A majority of the population disobeys Prohibition • Government lacks funding and man power to enforce Prohibition

  4. Effects of Prohibition • Smuggling and bootlegging • Speakeasies • Increased disrespect for the law • Increased organized crime • 21st amendment would repeal prohibition in 1933

  5. 1920s society and Religion 1925 Scopes trial • Impact?

  6. 1920s society and entertainment • Professional football begins in Ohio • Babe Ruth dominates baseball • Charles Lindbergh becomes 1st man to cross the Atlantic by plane • Charlie Chaplin helps the rise of the movie industry • Walt Disney introduces Mickey Mouse • The African-American culture is celebrated in the Harlem Renaissance

  7. Impact of societal attitude

  8. 1920s politics and economy Unit 13

  9. Politics 1921: • Warren G. Harding becomes President due to: • A rejection of a push for Reform • Harding’s promise to return to normalcy and the constant change • Calls for Isolationism

  10. Isolationism To support Isolationism, the U.S… • Would encourage the end of militarism • Kellogg Briand Pact • Loaned money to Germany for reparations • Denied loans to countries that still owed the U.S. • Established tariffs on imports • Impact?

  11. Isolationism & Immigration Why did Americans want to limit immigration?

  12. Isolationism & Immigration Result… Emergency Quota Act of 1921: • Drastically limits immigration from Europe • Ex: Italy’s quota went from 42,000 to 4,000

  13. Harding’s positives & negatives Positives: • Skilled politicians like Charles Evan Hughes, Herbert Hoover, & Andrew Mellon improved: • the economy and foreign policy Negatives • Unskilled poker buddies from Ohio led to: • Fraud; bribery; the Teapot Dome Scandal • Harding died in 1923 Evaluate his presidency….a good one or a bad one?

  14. Economic philosophy • Pres. Calvin Coolidge encourages big business • Goal: Lower taxes + decrease gov’t oversight = Stronger private industries • Result? 1920-1929 Americans owned 40% of world’s wealth

  15. 1920s Economic changes • Widening economic gap…uneven distribution • Richest 1% get a 75% increase in income • Increase use of Installment plans and credit • Birth of chain stores • Increase in car ownership…leads to increase in public roads • 1926: Construction on Route 66 begins (Chicago-Santa Monica) • Major industries begin to lose money…why? • Ex: Textiles, Railroads, and housing

  16. Farming industry crumbles • WWI: Demand for agricultural product skyrockets • 1920: Demand drops…farmers go bankrupt Solution? • Price supports…vetoed by Coolidge Impact?...

  17. Herbert Hoover (Rep) Al Smith (Dem) 1928 election

  18. 1928 election Herbert Hoover (Rep) Quiet and reserved Takes credit for economic success in 1920s Offers no plans for change Al Smith (Dem) Career politician Offers change in economic and social policy Catholic Result:

  19. Stock Market Crash!!!! Black Thursday: October 24, 1929 • 12 million shares sold • Drastic drop in prices Black Tuesday: October 29, 1929 • Massive attempt to sell drops prices of stocks • 16 million stocks dumped in one day • Stocks become worthless • Dow Jones Industrial average lost 25% of value

  20. Stock Market Crash!!!!

  21. Stock Market Crash!!!!

  22. Identify the causes of The Crash

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