Declaration of Rights

1. 10.2 Students compare and contrast the Glorious Revolution of England, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution and their enduring effects worldwide on the political expectations for self-government and individual liberty. • 2. List the principles of the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights (1689), the American Declaration of Independence (1776), the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789), and the U.S. Bill of Rights (1791).

2. Declaration of Rights • Offered at the Banqueting Hall on Feb 13, 1688, the Declaration of Rights was accepted and proclaimed by William and Mary during their coronation. In summary, the Declaration had three main parts: First, an indictment of James II and his transgressions, and secondly a declaration of the rights of citizens. Finally, William and Mary were declared King and Queen Regnant of England, with William to exercise all power during his lifetime.

3. Claims against James II Included: Abuse of Suspending/Dispensing Powers (precipitated by Godden v. Hales); Violating the right of Petition (Trial of 7 Bishops), and the Illegal Court of High Commission were some of the charges levied) • Some of the Rights Declared: No levying taxes or suspending/dispensing of laws without approval of Parliament. Abolished Court of High Commission, established free elections, free speech in Parliament, and an end to excessive bail or cruel punishment.

4. The English Bill of Rights • An Act Declareing the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Setleing the Succession of the Crowne.

5. The Glorious Revolution 1689SPECIFICS • In 1689 Parliament declared that James II had abdicated by deserting his kingdom. • William and Mary were offered the throne as joint monarchs. • They accepted a declaration of rights (later a bill), drawn up by Parliament.

6. English bill of rights 1689SPECIFICS • The bill limited the sovereign's power. • It reaffirmed Parliament's claim to control taxation and legislation • It provided guarantees against the abuses of power which James II had committed.

7. English bill of rights 1689SPECIFICS • The sovereign was forbidden from suspending laws passed by Parliament • Or imposing taxes without Parliamentary consent. • Or dispensing laws w/o Parliament

8. English bill of rights 1689SPECIFICS • The sovereign was not allowed to interfere with elections or freedom of speech, and proceedings in Parliament were not to be questioned in the courts or in any body outside Parliament itself.

9. English bill of rights 1689PRINCIPLES • Suspension or execution of laws by royal authority, without consent of Parliament, is illegal. • Dispersion with execution of laws by royal authority: illegal. • Levy of money for, or to the use of the crown without grant of Parliament is illegal.

10. English bill of rights 1689PRINCIPLES • It is the right of the subjects to petition the king. • The raising or keeping a standing army within the kingdom, in peacetime, without consent of Parliament is illegal. • The election of members of Parliament ought to be free.

11. English bill of rights 1689PRINCIPLES • The freedom of speech and debates or proceedings in Parliament will not be questioned by anyone out of Parliament. • Excessive bail will not be required nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

12. English bill of rights 1689PRINCIPLES • Jurors should be duly chosen and returned. • For redress (correction or setting right) of all grievances, • For strengthening and preserving laws, Parliament ought to be summoned as frequently as possible.