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Chapter 3: Airbags

Chapter 3: Airbags. How Do Airbags Work?. How do airbags work in your car?. A nylon bag is placed inside the steering wheel. Solid sodium azide (NaN 3 ) is ignited with electricity when a crash sets off the trigger. 2 NaN 3 (s)  2 Na (s) + 3 N 2 (g) The nitrogen gas fills the airbag.

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Chapter 3: Airbags

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  1. Chapter 3: Airbags

  2. How Do Airbags Work?

  3. How do airbags work in your car? • A nylon bag is placed inside the steering wheel. • Solid sodium azide (NaN3) is ignited with electricity when a crash sets off the trigger. • 2 NaN3 (s)  2 Na (s) + 3 N2 (g) • The nitrogen gas fills the airbag.

  4. Problems with this reaction? • It produces sodium metal, which can reacts with water to form hydrogen gas. There is enough heat produced in a crash that the hydrogen gas could ignite. • The sodium azide reaction produces heat, so the N2 gas is very hot in the airbag. • NaN3 itself is very toxic.

  5. Why do we use it? • This reaction produces the gas very quickly, but not so quick to be a hazard to people. • Reactants are small and easy to store before needed. • The amount of sodium azide used is minimal. • Much of the heat from the reaction is absorbed by the physical components of the airbag system – the insulated air bag or steering column, for example.

  6. Section 3.1—States of Matter • Objectives • distinguish between states of matter • explain the characteristics of different states of • matter • explain changes in states of matter

  7. Solids • Particles are closely packed together in a solid. • They vibrate in place but cannot change position. • Solids have a definite shape. • Solids have a definite volume.

  8. Liquids • The particles are more spread out than in a solid. • The particles are free to move past each other. • Liquids can be compressed slightly. • Liquids have a definite volume. • They do not have a definite shape – they take the shape of their container.

  9. Gases • Gas particles are very far apart. • They move rapidly in a random motion. • Gases are highly compressible. • Gases do not have a definite volume—they will spread out and fill their container. • Gases do not have a definite shape—they take the shape of their container.

  10. Sublimation Boiling or Evaporating Gas Increasing kinetic energy (temperature) Liquid Melting Condensing Freezing Solid Deposition Changes in State

  11. Heating Curve

  12. Temperature of state changes • Heating Curves can be read from left to right AND from right to left. • That means, • Freezing point = melting point • Boiling point = condensation point

  13. Heating Curve

  14. Heating Curve for Water

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