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Structural Collapse Technician Training

Structural Collapse Technician Training . Module : 4 - Part b Lifting & Moving Airbags Lifting Considerations & Stabilization Calculating Weights. Jan08. 27Jan09. High Pressure Air Bags. Characteristics Neoprene/butyl rubber Steel kevlar reinforced Variety of sizes

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Structural Collapse Technician Training

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  1. Structural Collapse Technician Training Module : 4 - Part b Lifting & MovingAirbags Lifting Considerations & Stabilization Calculating Weights Jan08 27Jan09

  2. High Pressure Air Bags • Characteristics • Neoprene/butyl rubber • Steel kevlar reinforced • Variety of sizes • Maximum capacity is calculated at 1 inch of lift • Capacity reduced at max height

  3. High Pressure Air Bags • Application • Maximum stack of two high • Lift is limited to capacity of small bag • Larger bag on bottom • Centers of bags MUST be aligned

  4. Airbag Lift Animated Slide (10 seconds)

  5. LOAD Increased surface area = Increased lifting capacity COLUMN OF AIR BASE OF SUPPORT High Pressure Air Bags

  6. High Pressure Air Bags AIR BAG INFLATED REDUCED SURFACE AREA CONTACT LOAD OFAIR COLUMN BASE OF SUPPORT

  7. Dimension Capacity Lift Ht. Weight 6”x 6” 1.5 Tons 3” 2 lbs 6”x 12” 3.2 3.5 3 10”x 10” 4.8 5 4 15”x 15” 12.0 8 10 15”x 21” 17.0 9 13 20”x 20” 21.8 11 16 24”x 24” 31.8 13 22 28”x 28” 43.8 16 30 36”x 36” 73.4 20 48 High Pressure Air Bags

  8. High Pressure Air BagsManufacture’s I.D. Tag

  9. High Pressure Air Bags & Cribbing

  10. Spreading & Pushing

  11. Lifting & Stabilizing Irregular Objects

  12. Pipes & Cylinders

  13. Inflating Air Bags

  14. OOPS!

  15. Lifting Considerations

  16. Lifting Or Moving A LoadFunctions to be addressed • Center of Gravity • Load Stability • Wedges & cribbing • Estimating Load Weight • Lifting Functions • Critical angle

  17. Center of Gravity & Load Stability Unstable Stable CG Connection point below CG makes object unstable. CG

  18. Wedges, Shims & Cribbing

  19. Wedges Wedge (mechanics) Technically is a portable double inclined plane, a wedge is a simple machine used to separate two objects, or portions of objects, through the application of force, perpendicular to the inclined surfaces, developed by conversion of force applied to the blunt end. The mechanical advantage of a wedge depends on the ratio of its length to its thickness.

  20. Wedges Use of wedges to change direction

  21. “Marrying” Wedges (repeated from 2b)Sloped Surfaces Must Be in Full Contact 1” min. Full Driven Over Driven Under Driven Best O.K. Wrong What if one wedge is Upside Down? This is NOT RECOMMENDED. It is better to have the cut surfaces together – more friction & better fit

  22. 2x4 Wedges 2x4 wedges are often needed for smaller adjustments than are possible with 4x4 wedges.

  23. Shims • Shims are used to fill space, opposed to wedges that lift, load or charge objects.

  24. Shims • Note that there are two shims in this photo.

  25. Four point system Nine point system Box Cribbing6000 lbs. per contact point

  26. TIER Box Cribbing 3 X

  27. Box Cribbing 3x 2x 4x Solid

  28. Box Cribbing6000 lbs. per contact point

  29. Box Cribbing Object Must have full bearing with crib Contact Points

  30. Box CribbingLeast desirable layout Each crib is only supporting 6000 lbs Not very stable Height to width 1 to 1

  31. Box Cribbing Can be as little as 1 to 1 with angle situations

  32. Crib Stability Load should be centered!

  33. Crib Stability LOAD MUST BE CENTER 1/3 of CRIB

  34. Crib Stability Load is not within mid-third at bottom LOAD MUST BE CENTER 1/3 of CRIB

  35. Change Angle Use of wedges & shims

  36. Martian Cribbing

  37. Cribbing

  38. Calculating Weights

  39. Weights of Building MaterialsWIDTH x HEIGHT x LENGTH = CUBIC FT • Reinforced concrete = 150 pcf • Concrete columns & beams weigh more (16”sq w/ 5% rebar = 170pcf) • Steel = 490 pcf • Use Area Method – later slides • Earth = 100 to 125 pcf • Wood = 35 pcf (dry) – use 40

  40. Calculating WeightConcrete Rectangle WIDTH x HEIGHT x LENGTH x WEIGHT 4’ x 2 ’x 20’ = 160cf x 150pcf = 24,000 lbs. 4 feet 2 feet 20 feet

  41. Calculating Weights Concrete Round 0.8 DIAMETER2 x LENGTH x WEIGHT 0.8 x 3’ x 3’ x 20’ = 144cf x 150pcf = 21,600 lbs. 3 feet 20 feet

  42. Calculating Weight Concrete Pipe Weight of Solid Round – Weight of Hole 0.8 (4’x 4’- 3’x 3’) x 20’x 150pcf 112 cu-ft x 150pcf = 16,800 lbs. 4 feetdiameter 20 feet 6” thick

  43. Estimating Steel Weight - Area Method 12” 12” • Steel weighs 490 lbs per cubic ft • Steel 1” thick weighs 490pcf / 12” = 40.8 psf • For steel weight per square foot use: • 1” thick Use 40 lbs • ¾” Use 30 lbs • ½” Use 20 lbs • ¼” Use 10 lbs 12” 12” 1” 12”

  44. Area Method Example - 1 • What is weight of this 36ft long steel section? • 2” Steel = 2 x 40 psf = 80 psf • Area per ft = 2 x 3 sq ft + 2 x 1 sq ft = 8 sq ft • Weight per ft = 8 x 80 = 640 plf • Total weight = 640 x 36 = 23,040 lbs • Exact weight = 652.8 plf (only 2% off) Pl 36" x 2" Pl 12" x 2" ea end Pl 36" x 2"

  45. Area Method Example - 2 • What is weight of this 20ft long steel section? • 2 Flanges 40 psf x 5” x 2 ft x 2 = 800 plf • Web 40psf x 3.5” = 140 • Weight per ft = 800 + 140 = 940 plf • Total weight = 940 x 20 = 18,800 lbs • Exact weight = 958.8 plf (only 2% off) Pl 24" x 5" Pl 12" x 3.5” Pl 24" x 5"

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