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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece. WHI.5. Essential Understanding. The physical geography of the Aegean Basin shaped the economic, social, and political development of Greek civilization.

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Ancient Greece

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  1. Ancient Greece WHI.5

  2. Essential Understanding • The physical geography of the Aegean Basin shaped the economic, social, and political development of Greek civilization. • The expansion of Greek civilization through trade and colonization led to the spread of Hellenic culture across the Mediterranean and Black seas.

  3. Locations to…Locate  • Aegean Sea • Black Sea, Dardanelles • Mediterranean Sea • Balkan and Peloponnesus peninsula, Europe, Asia Minor • Athens, Sparta, Troy • Macedonia

  4. Quiz Time • What sea allowed for trade and communication during Ancient Greece? • What is the name of the peninsula that the Greeks inhabit?

  5. What you should know about the land, money, and social life of Greece • Agriculture (limited arable land) • Commerce (trade) and the spread of Hellenic culture • Shift from barter to money economy (coins)

  6. Economic and social development

  7. Social structure and citizenship in theGreek polis • Citizens (free adult males) had political rights and the responsibility of civic participation in government. • People without any political rights • Women • Foreigners • Slaves

  8. Political Development • Mountainous terrain both helped and held up the development of city-states. • Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial life. • Colonization was prompted by overpopulation and the search for arable land.

  9. Greek Colonies

  10. Olympics

  11. Olympics • Olympia • Every polis was represented • Events included foot racing; long jump; boxing; wrestling; javelin tossing; and discus throwing • Reinforced common bonds between Greeks and their colonies

  12. Quiz Time • What prompted the Greeks to colonize other lands? • Greek cities were designed to promote what? • Greece shifted from the barter system to what other system?

  13. Contrasting Governments: • Athens (democracy) Sparta (Oligarchy)

  14. Athens developed the most democratic system of government the world had ever seen • Not everyone could participate in voting • Foundation of modern democracies.

  15. Athens M A T D • Stages in the evolution of Athenian government: • Monarchy • aristocracy • tyranny • democracy

  16. Athens • Origin of democratic principles: • Direct democracy • public debate • duties of the citizen

  17. Athens • Tyrants who worked for reform: • Draco • Solon

  18. Sparta • Oligarchy (rule by a small group) • Rigid social structure • Militaristic and aggressive society

  19. Persian Wars • United Athens and Sparta against the Persian Empire. • Athenian victories over the Persians at Marathon and Salamis left Greeks in control of the Aegean Sea. • Athens preserved its independence and continued innovations in government and culture.

  20. Golden Age of Pericles • Mainly occurred between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars

  21. Pericles • Extended democracy • Most adult males had an equal voice. • Had Athens rebuilt after destruction in the Persian Wars • The Parthenon is an example of this reconstruction.

  22. Contributions of Greek Culture to Western Civilization • Types of columns • Doric • (Parthenon) • Ionic • Corinthian Architecture

  23. Doric (Dull)

  24. Ionic (Look into my EYES)

  25. Corinthian “Crown”

  26. Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian

  27. The Parthenon

  28. Peloponnesian Wars • Athens and the Delian League VS • Sparta and the Peloponnesian League • Caused in part by competition for control of the Greek world • Resulted in slowing of cultural advance and the weakening of political power

  29. What were they about again? • Peloponnesian War • Who won? • Persian Wars • Who won?

  30. Contributions of Greek culture toWestern civilization • Drama Sophocles Both wrote tragedies Aeschylus

  31. Contributions of Greek culture toWestern civilization Homer • Illiad and the Odyssey Poetry

  32. Homer • Iliad • Poem about the Trojan War • Odyssey • Poem about Odysseus’ return home

  33. Contributions of Greek culture toWestern civilization Herodotus “Father of History” Thucydides Discussed the Peloponnesian War between Sparta and Athens History

  34. Contributions of Greek Culture to Western Civilization • Sculpture • Phidias

  35. Contributions of Greek Culture to Western Civilization Science • Archimedes • Archimedean Screw, Mathematician, Invented Pulleys • Hippocrates • Father of Modern Medicine • Hippocratic Oath- good conduct between patient and doctor

  36. Contributions of Greek Culture to Western Civilization • Euclid • Euclidian Law • The Elements • Pythagoras • Mathematical principles still studied in Geometry • a2 + b2 = c2 Mathematics

  37. Contributions of Greek Culture to Western Civilization The Big 3 • Socrates • Question everything • Plato • Founded the Academy • Aristotle • Taught Alexander the Great Philosophy

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