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CASE STUDIES - adaptation to climate change

CASE STUDIES - adaptation to climate change. “Employment-Intensive Investment for Sustainable Development” Cape Town, South Africa, 9 – 13 July 2012 ( A155532). Case STUDY 1. Employment creation and environmental protection through watershed management in the Gonaïves Region, Haiti (MPCE).

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CASE STUDIES - adaptation to climate change

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  1. CASE STUDIES - adaptation to climate change “Employment-Intensive Investment for Sustainable Development” Cape Town, South Africa, 9 – 13 July 2012 (A155532)

  2. Case STUDY 1 Employment creation and environmental protection through watershed management in the Gonaïves Region, Haiti (MPCE)

  3. Gonaïves GONAÏVES City after “Hanna hurricane” in 2008

  4. GONAÏVES City after “Jeanne hurricane” in 2004

  5. Objectives of the project • General:Contribute to the implementation of watershed management plans to reduce the effects of natural disasters • Specific: Rehabilitate the extremely fragile and weakened environment of Gonaïves by implementing water and soil conservation schemes using labour-based techniques to create jobs

  6. Main project activities • Gully erosion control • Extraction of rocks and construction of check weirs (1,605) • 135,000 m³ of dry masonry walls

  7. Main projectactivities • River training • 7.5 km reshaping of the “Quinte River” bed plus other water courses • Correcting the slope of water courses

  8. Project Activities • Afforestation activities (315 ha) • Tree Nurseries (26 groups)

  9. Main project activities • Construction of erosion control network • 2,563 km of contours for slope protection • 1,993 ha protected

  10. Ecartement fixé entre fossés (voir tableau annexé) 0m50 de large Mouvements de terres excavées Pente naturelle terrain 0m50 de profondeur Fossé isohypse excavé Talus de terre renforcé par un cordon pierreux

  11. Main Project Activities Gabion works downstream of bridge to protect its pillars

  12. Project achievements – Social organisation and capacity building • Several professional associations have been created and trained: • contractors for the extraction of stones • contractors for the construction of weirs • 26 groups to operate tree nurseries • local consulting firm specialized • Eleven Federations of local associations (~1000 people each) assists in: • recruiting workers • selecting foremen • monitoring and controlling payment of wages

  13. Project achievements – Capacity building with authorities • Local populations, influential economic operators and local authorities represented by local development committees • informed, sensitized, trained in organisational, managerial and technical issues • increase awareness to modify behaviour for environmental issues • Regional technical departments (planning, agriculture, environment, etc.) • participating in selection and planning process, implementation, follow up, and in defining maintenance strategies

  14. Main project achievements • In terms of jobs: creation of 2.146.000 WD, equivalent to an average of some 7.150 people employed during 75 days over a 4 years’ period • Decreased vulnerability • Extended programme formulated

  15. Main impacts • Improved social stability through employment creation and increased income • Improved nutrition (2 food rations supplement per WD provided by WFP) benefitting 35,750 people, (about 40% in food and 60% in cash) • Decreased vulnerability by different water and soil conservation activities and infrastructure works completed (private properties and agricultural land) • Creation of permanent jobs (220 persons managing and working in tree nurseries) • Creation of federations capable to negotiate contracts and to implement such works

  16. Case STUDY 2 Water harvesting as water conservation technique in Yemen

  17. Water harvesting:collection of run-off water during rainy season in manmade cisterns Advantages:- respond to essential needs of people- can be done by the community themselves- labour-intensive- improve traditional systems with slow sand filters or where possible by installing handpumps

  18. Community contribution:- desilt existing cisterns- remove old mortar- salaries half of normal wage Community contracting:- transfer of funds in several instalments to community account- advance of 20% guaranteed by a land title or property once their upfront contribution has been fulfilled- local shopping for procurement of materials and works

  19. Completed schemewhere possible sand filter is added and health education is given to community how to treat surface water Community contracting:- they decide either to procure the chippings or to produce it themselves - for materials and transport, they try to get three quotes- for skilled labourers they issue task work contracts

  20. Improved targeting the poor • Needs : People in many regions in Yemen depend on cisterns as the only source for getting water for drinking, house hold consumption and for animal watering -demand for these schemes is very huge. • In addition to demand-led approach, 659 villages were selected based on 1994 population census for villages of 250 population or more and depending for 95% on that type of water supply

  21. Communitycontractingwasextended to dam construction • Inducedeffects: • infiltration of water in shallowaquifersdownstream the dam • springs are recharged • irrigation is possible downstream the dam throughshallowwells

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