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OSI layer Network Subnetting & VLSM

OSI layer Network Subnetting & VLSM. Nyoman suryadipta , st , ccnp Rev 0.2 18 Okt 2013. Tujuan. Mengetahui dasar Subnetting Mengenal konsep VLSM Mengidentifikasi Subnet CIDR Menganalisis Perhitungan Subnetting menggunakan VLSM Merencanakan Desain Jaringan berbasis VLSM.

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OSI layer Network Subnetting & VLSM

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  1. OSI layer Network Subnetting & VLSM Nyomansuryadipta, st, ccnp Rev 0.2 18 Okt 2013 Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  2. Tujuan • MengetahuidasarSubnetting • Mengenalkonsep VLSM • Mengidentifikasi Subnet CIDR • MenganalisisPerhitunganSubnettingmenggunakan VLSM • MerencanakanDesainJaringanberbasis VLSM Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  3. Subnetting Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  4. Sub = Pembagian • Netting = Jaringan • JadiSubnetting = PembagianJaringan • DibagiberdasarkanJumlahAlamat IP Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  5. Untukmembagialamat IP di Jaringansubnettingmelakukanpenguncian/pembatasan • Berdasarkan subnet mask Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  6. Subnet Asli / Default Subnet/Classful Subnet • Kelas A : 1-126 • Subnet mask : 255.0.0.0 • Kelas B : 128-191 • Subnet mask : 255.255.0.0 • Kelas C : 192-223 • Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  7. Default Subnet Mask Kelas C Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  8. IP : 192.168.1.X Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 ataubisaditulis /24 Biner : 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 2^8 = 256 Valid = 256 – 2 = 254 IP Valid yang bisadigunakan : 192.168.1.1 s/d 192.168.1.254 Jadi IP Valid diperolehdenganmelakukan 2 pangkat x dari Bit 0 Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  9. IP : 172.16.x.x Subnet mask: 255.255.0.0 ataubisaditulis /16 Biner : 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 2^16 = 65536 Valid = 65536 – 2 = 65534 IP Valid yang bisadigunakan : 172.16.1.1 s/d 172.16.254.254 Dikurangi 2 karenadipakaiuntukalamat broadcast & Network Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  10. Powers of Two Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  11. Study Case • BuatlahperencanaanSubneting Perusahaan PT MajuMundurjika di kantortersebutterdapat 600 PC • Jawab : • 192.168.1.x/24 Jumlah IP = 254 • 192.168.2.x/24 JumlahIP = 254 • 192.168.3.x/24 Jumlah IP = 254 • Total alokasi IP = 762 • Sisa = 162 IP Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  12. CIDR – Classless Interdomain Routing • Adalahmetodepenggunaan subnet mask tanpamelihatKelasAlamat IP, seringdiseingkatmenggunakannotasi slash “/” Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  13. CIDR – Classless Interdomain Routing • Misal • IP Kelas A menggunakan Subnet mask kelas C • IP : 10.10.1.1 • Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 ataudisingkat /24 Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  14. VLSM Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  15. VLSM • Variable Length Subnet Mask – Yaitupenggunaan Subnet mask denganpanjang yang bervariasitidakmengacuke Subnet mask asli Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  16. Tujuan VLSM adalahmembagiAlamat IP sesuaikebutuhan agar tidakterbuangpercuma • Manfaat VLSM sangatterasa di lingkungan ISP / PenyelenggaraJaringan Internet, karena ISP harusmenghemat IP Publik yang akandiberikankePelanggan Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  17. VLSM • Subnet mask asli • Kelas A : 255.0.0.0 • Kelas B : 255.255.0.0 • Kelas C : 255.255.255.0 Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  18. VLSM • Modifikasi VLSM • Contoh : • Kelas A : 255.128.0.0 atau /9 • Kelas B : 255.255.192.0 atau /18 • Kelas C : 255.255.255.252 atau /30 Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  19. Tanpa VLSM A B Roti berukuranbesardandibagi Ke 4 Orang sama rata Jikatidakhabisbanyaksisaterbuang Dan tidakbisadibagike orang lain D C Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  20. Dengan VLSM A B Roti berukuranbesardandibagi Ke 4 Orang sesuaiporsimakanmasing-masing Jikatidakhabissisabisadibagike orang lain SISA C D Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  21. Tanpa VLSM JalanArief Rahman Hakim Gang I No 1 s/d 64 Jalan Arief Rahman Hakim Gang II No 1s/d 64 JalanArief Rahman Hakim Gang III No 1 s/d 64 Jalan Arief Rahman Hakim Gang IV No 1 s/d 64

  22. Dengan VLSM JalanArief Rahman Hakim Gang I No 1 s/d 100 JalanArief Rahman Hakim Gang II No 1 s/d 50 JalanArief Rahman Hakim Gang IIII No 1 s/d 50 JalanArief Rahman Hakim Gang IV No 1 s/d 30 JalanArief Rahman Hakim Gang V No 1 s/d 24

  23. /23 = 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000 /27 = 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000 /9 = 11111111.10000000.00000000.00000000 Notasi subnet mask diatasmewakilki bit yang bernilai 1

  24. Tuliskan subnet mask dariNotasi CIDR berikut 192.168.1.1/23 /25 = 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 128+64+32+16+8+4+2+1=255 128+0+0+0+0+0+0+0=128 Jadi Subnet mask : 255.255.255.128

  25. Berapakahjumlah valid host /25 = 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 2^7 = 128 JadiJumlah valid host = 128 – 2 = 126

  26. Case Study • Misalsebuah ISP akanmendistribusikan IP Publikkepelanggannyadengankebutuhansebagaiberikut : • Pelanggan A butuh 30 IP • Stok IP Publik yang dimiliki ISP adalah 200.100.100.0/24 • Bagaimanakanpembagian subnet dengan VLSM ?

  27. Cari host yang mendekatidenganrumus: 2^N - 2 Yang mendekati 30 adalah 2^5 – 2 = 30 subnet : 255.255.255.224 ataunotasi CIDR = /27 biner : 11111111.11111111.11111111.111 00000 Subnet mask/Network ID 128 + 64 + 32 = 224 Jumlah Host 2^ 5 – 2 = 30

  28. Practice - TentukanJumlah Valid Host & subnet mask VLSM berikut : • /24 • /25 • /26 • /27 • /28 • /29 • /30 • /31 • /32 Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

  29. Practice • Disebuahperusahaanterdapat 4 departemenbuatlahmapping VLSM dengankebutuhanberikut (kelas IP bebas) • Gambarkan & tentukan subnet mask • DeptA 60 Host • Dept B 22 Host • Dept C 5 Host • Dept D 22 Host

  30. Finish Narotama University – Computer Science Faculty - Nyoman Suryadipta, ST. CCNP

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