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The Odyssey

The Odyssey. Literary Terms Background Greek History December, 2014. Genre. EPIC POEM A long narrative poem Begins w/ invocation Adventure Heroic Figure Setting is vast Supernatural forces Serious tone (elevated language). The Epic Hero. An epic’s central character

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The Odyssey

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  1. The Odyssey Literary Terms Background Greek History December, 2014

  2. Genre • EPIC POEM • A long narrative poem • Begins w/ invocation • Adventure • Heroic Figure • Setting is vast • Supernatural forces • Serious tone (elevated language)

  3. The Epic Hero • An epic’s central character • Larger-than-life figure from history • Undertakes a dangerous voyage • Demonstrates loyalty, courage, and honor • Valued by society

  4. Literary Techniques • Repeated description • Simile • Metaphor • Personification • Epithet • Foreshadowing

  5. Simile • A comparison between two things using “like” or “as” • Example: “…and leaned on it turning it as a shipwright turns a drill in planking,…” (p.992)

  6. Metaphor • A comparison between two things without using “like” or “as” • Example: “Why bait the beast again?” (p.996)

  7. Personification • Describing an object by giving it human qualities • Example: “…The Cyclops bellowed and the rock roared round him…” (p.992)

  8. Epithet • Short, descriptive title • A characterizing word or phrase associated with a person or thing • Example: “Richard the Lion-Hearted” “…the young Dawn with fingertips of rose” (p.990)

  9. Foreshadowing • Clues that suggest events that have yet to occur • Creates suspense

  10. Archetype • The most typical example of a particular kind of person or thing; ideal example • Universally recognized • Examples: the mother figure, the wise old man, the child, or the hero

  11. The Greek Hero • Strong in mind and body • High social standing • Actions affect others • Struggle against human weakness

  12. The Hero’s Journey • CYCLE: • Hero possesses supernatural ability • Charged with a quest • Hero is tested • Travels to supernatural world • Hero nearly gives up • A resurrection: moves from defeat to triumph • Restitution: regains rightful place on throne

  13. Hubris • Excessive pride or self-confidence • Arrogance • Think about Achilles in Troy.

  14. The Odyssey • Begins “in medias res” • In the middle of things

  15. The Iliad • The prequel to The Odyssey • Concerned with the events of the Trojan War • Written by Homer

  16. The Trojan WarHistorical Context • Fought between Spartans and Trojans • Spartans- from Sparta V. • Trojans- from Troy

  17. Map of Ancient Greece

  18. Where is Greece?

  19. The OdysseyA Journey Home • King Odysseus fought on behalf of the Spartans. • He attempts to return home, Ithaca, after 10 years at war. • Gods, Poseidon, are angered by Odysseus’ pride and curse him to wander the earth.

  20. The Journey

  21. Characters • Odysseus- King of Ithaca • Penelope- Queen of Ithace • Telemachus- son of Odysseus & Penelope • Agememnon- leader of the Greek forces • Polyphemus (Cyclops)- son of Poseidon • Poseidon- god of the sea • Calypso- sea goddess who loves Odysseus • Circe- enchantress who helps Odysseus

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