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Fire Alarm System Notification Appliances

Fire Alarm System Notification Appliances. Chapter 13 Page 394. Objectives. Discuss the four groups of notification signals, explain why the temporal-coded signal is now the national standard signal, and outline research conducted with respect to recognition of the temporal-coded signal

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Fire Alarm System Notification Appliances

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  1. Fire Alarm System Notification Appliances Chapter 13 Page 394

  2. Objectives • Discuss the four groups of notification signals, explain why the temporal-coded signal is now the national standard signal, and outline research conducted with respect to recognition of the temporal-coded signal • List the available types of audible notification appliances

  3. Objectives • Evaluate public- and private-mode audibility requirements for fire alarm systems and explain why the two modes differ • Determine the effectiveness of an audible notification appliance, given ambient sound levels, door or wall attenuation, and inverse square law losses

  4. Objectives • Compare wall-mounted and ceiling-mounted visible notification appliance requirements • Locate visible notification appliances in a room, corridor, or sleeping room • Use the multiple-square layout to optimize visual notification appliance location • Explain the function of an annunciator panel

  5. Objectives • Determine the reasons why tactile notification appliances may be necessary, and discuss how they can be used effectively • Compare NFPA 72, ANSI, UL, and ADA requirements for visible notification appliances • Discuss the conditions that make strobe synchronization necessary

  6. Audible Notification Appliances • Audible Notification Appliance Audibility Requirements • Public-Mode Audibility Requirements (see Tables 13-1 and 13-2, Pages 399-400) • Private-Mode Audibility Requirements • Audible Notification Appliance Intelligibility

  7. Audible Notification Appliances • Audible Notification Appliance Location (see Tables 13-3 and 13-4 Page 401) • Inverse square law: as the distance from the ear to the notification appliance doubles, sound is reduced by 6 dB along the centerline of the notification appliance

  8. Audible Notification Appliances Figure 13-5. Illustration of the inverse square law; sound pressure reduces 6 dB every time the distance from the audible notification appliance doubles

  9. Audible Notification Appliances Figure 13-6. Off-centerline sound losses; persons “B” and “C” are at the same lineal distance from the notification appliance as person “A”

  10. Ex. 13-6: Calculation of Audible Notification Appliance Audibility

  11. “Exit Marking” Audible Notification Appliances • “Exit marking” audible notification appliances: installed at the entrance of all building exits and areas of refuge • Emit distinct sound pressure levels capable of directing occupants to the exits

  12. Visible Notification Appliances • Candela (cd): the standard unit of light intensity measurement • Blackbody: ideal body that would absorb all incident radiation and reflect none • Public-Mode Visibility Requirements • ADAAG Visible Appliance Requirements • Private-Mode Visibility Requirements

  13. Visible Notification Appliances • Wall-Mounted Visible Notification Appliance Location • Ceiling-Mounted Visible Notification Appliance Location (see Table 13-5, Page 410) • Visible Appliance Spacing in Rooms That Are Not Square

  14. Visible Notification Appliances • Multiple Square Layout of Visible Notification AppliancesOptimization of Visual Notification Coverage • Placement of Visible Appliances in Corridors (see Table 13-6, Page 415) • Spacing of Visible Appliances in Sleeping Areas (see Table 13-7, Page 417)

  15. Visible Notification Appliances Figure 13-12. Optimization of visible notification coverage (part 1)

  16. Visible Notification Appliances Figure 13-12. Optimization of visible notification coverage (part 2)

  17. Visible Notification Appliances Figure 13-13. Corridor spacing of visible appliances

  18. Visible Notification Appliances • Combination Audible/Visible Notification Appliances • Combination audible/visible notification appliance: has both audible and visible notification components • Synchronization of Visible Appliances

  19. Textual Audible and Visible Notification Appliances • Textual visible notification appliance provides alphanumeric fire alarm notification or instructions • Usually on an annunciator, fire alarm control unit, or a panel remote from the main FACU • Textual notification information can be provided by LEDs on a display window

  20. Textual Audible and Visible Notification Appliances • Can provide more precise information than by other audible and visible appliances • Can provide notification for persons with hearing disabilities • Central station operators, security guards, and fire watch personnel often are provided with textual appliances

  21. Annunciation Notification Appliances • Annunciator panel: provides visible notification of the location of an initiating device by zone and floor • Annunciator should be placed in a fire control room or at main building entrance • Fire service personnel can identify fire location and implement suppression strategy

  22. Tactile Notification Appliances • Audible appliances are effective for those who can hear • Visible appliances are effective for those who can see • Combination audible/visible appliances are effective for those with either sense • Tactile notification appliances are for individuals who can neither see nor hear

  23. Tactile Notification Appliances • With tactile notification appliances, training must be provided so that occupants can find exit building on their own • If this is not possible, a method must be provided for the notification of supervisory personnel who are responsible for assisting occupants to safety

  24. Tactile Notification Appliances • Bed shakers are an alternative for rousing sleeping individuals • Some tactile appliances, such as vibrating belt pagers, and variable-speed ceiling fans, cannot be readily supervised, and are therefore considered supplemental notification appliances

  25. Summary • Notification appliances must be selected carefully to be congruent with the needs of • Building occupants • Supervisory personnel • Security personnel who interpret the alarm • Fire service responders

  26. Summary • Notification appliances must • Accommodate persons with disabilities • Arouse a sleeping person • Spur a person who is awake to leave the building or relocate to a fire-safe area

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