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The Early Middle Ages

Explore the effects of the fall of Rome and rise of Charlemagne during the Early Middle Ages, including the Franks and Roman Catholic Church. Learn about the transition in Western Europe and Charlemagne’s empire.

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The Early Middle Ages

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  1. The Early Middle Ages 450 A.D.-1000 A.D.

  2. The Fall of Rome In this lesson, students will be able to identify effects of the fall of Rome as well as the rise of Charlemagne and the Franks. Students will be able to identify and/or define the following terms: Effects of the Fall of Rome The Roman Catholic Church The Franks Charlemagne

  3. The Fall of Rome brought many important changes to Western Europe.

  4. The New Ways of Life • Germanic kingdoms took over Roman lands. • Hundreds of little kingdoms took the place of the Western Roman Empire in Europe. • Constant warfare disrupted trade. • Kingdoms were always at war with one another. • People lost interest in learning.

  5. The Barbarian Kingdoms

  6. The Roman Catholic Church

  7. The Roman Catholic Church • The church acted as the civilizing force in western Europe. • Catholic missionaries set out to spread Christianity throughout the barbaric lands. • Most famous and successful was Patrick of Ireland. • Often imprisoned, he established Catholic churches throughout the land.

  8. The Franks In 481 A.D., at the age of 15, Clovis came to rule the Franks. After a battle with a Germanic army, he converted to Christianity. The Roman Catholic church saw an opportunity to ally against the Germanic peoples. By 511 A.D., he ruled most of modern day France.

  9. Mayors of the Palace • The power of the Merovingian kings dwindled. • Charles Martel was the man behind the king. • He extended the power of the Franks. • Upon his death, he passed his power on to his son, Pepin the Short.

  10. Pepin He was not content to be the power behind the king. He obtained the Pope’s blessing for seizing the throne. Pope declared him “King by the grace of God”. Kings now had spiritual authority. The Frankish kings and the Roman popes entered into an informal alliance.

  11. Upon Pepin’s death in 768 AD, his son Charlemagne became king of the Franks

  12. Charlemagne • Unlike his father, he was a great sportsman and warrior. • He commanded his armies and fought in the front line. • By 800, the Frankish kingdom included two-thirds of Italy, present-day France, a small part of Spain and all of Saxony Germany. Larger than the Byzantine empire. • The most powerful king in Western Europe.

  13. The Empire of Charlemagne He gave land to his nobles in exchange for their loyalty and military service.

  14. “Holy Roman Emperor” After aiding the pope, he was crowned emperor. He was equal to the Byzantine emperor.

  15. Charlemagne’s heirs ruled weakly • At Charlemagne’s death, his son Louis the Pious succeeded him as king and emperor. • A deeply religious man and an ineffective ruler. • Upon his death, the kingdom was split between the three sons. Louis the German ruled Germany, Charles the Bald ruled France, and the oldest son took the title and the remaining land. • In 843 A.D., the Treaty of Verdun was signed ending the fight over the empire.

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