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The Patchogue-Medford Library Salutes the Town on its Anniversary

Brookhaven Town (Suffolk County, Long Island, N.Y.) @ 350 Years Part VIII: Late Imperial Colonial Era 1691-1775 comp. & ed. by Mark H. Rothenberg  2003, 2004 Mark H. Rothenberg. The Patchogue-Medford Library Salutes the Town on its Anniversary.

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The Patchogue-Medford Library Salutes the Town on its Anniversary

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  1. Brookhaven Town(Suffolk County, Long Island, N.Y.) @ 350 YearsPart VIII: Late Imperial Colonial Era1691-1775comp. & ed. by Mark H. Rothenberg 2003, 2004 Mark H. Rothenberg The Patchogue-Medford Library Salutes the Town on its Anniversary

  2. To the Manor BornCol. William (“Tangier”) SmithHoldings Confirmed & Expanded, 1691 & 1693 • A tract of land in the southern art of the Town, between the Connecticut & Mastic Rivers, was purchased from local Indians by Col. Smith in May 1691, confirmed by the King & Queen and Royal Governor Fletcher of New-York Province, in October 1693, as theManor of St. George.

  3. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 1 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial GovernorOctober 9, 1693 • William and Mary, by the grace of God, King and Queen of England, Scotland, ffrance and Ireland, defenders of the faith, &c., To all to whom these presents shall come, sendeth greeting: • WHEREAS, Benjamin Fletcher, our Capt. Generall and Governour-in-Chiefe of our Province of New York, and the territoryes depending thereon in America, hath, at the request of our loving subject, Colla. [I.e., Colonel] Willm. Smith,one of ye members of our councill and Chiefe-Justice of our said province, hath issued his warrant to our Surveyor-Generall of our s[ai]d province, bearing date, the nineteenth day of September,for thesurveying and laying out severall neckes and tracts of Land and meadow, beach, bay and Island within ye sd bay, scituate, lying and being upon the south syde of our Island, formerly called Long Island, and now knowne and called by the name of our Island of Nassau, wch were formerly purchased of ye native Indians, according to the Lawes of our sd province, by virtue of a warrant from Collo. Slaughter, late Governour of our sd province, bearing date, the fourteenth, day of May, in the year of our Lord, one thousand six hundred and ninety one [1691]. And whereas,Augustine Graham, our Surveyr Generall for our said Province of New York, &c., hath, p’suant to his warrant aforesaid, surveyed and laid out the severall

  4. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 2 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial Governor from October 9, 1693 • neckes and tracts of land and meadow, beach, bay and Islands within the sd bay, upon the South side of our Island of Nassau: Bounded westward from the maine sea or occian to the westermost bank of a river called East Connecticut, and soe along the banke of the sd river to a creeke running out of the sd river called Yaphanke, and soe along the southwest bank of ye sd creek unto its head, the whole creek included, to a marked pine tree at ye head of ye sd creek, and soe in a direct north lyne until it comes to the bank of Connecticut River aforesd, to a marked tree on the west syde of said river; and fro[m]. thence alongst the westermost bank of sd river unto ye sd river head, ye whole river and all ye branches thereof included, and from thence alongst ye west syde of Connecticut Hollow to the country roade near ye middle of the island and afore sd, to a markt tree there, the whole hollow included, and soe bounded northward by ye sd country road to another marked tree, being distant one fro ye other ffive miles and a halfe, and soe in a direct south lyne from the eastermost marked tree, near the country road aforesd, to a pyne tree marked with W.S. and three notches, at ye head of ye maine branch of Mastick River, and fro thence alongst ye eastermost bank of sd river, the whole river and all of its branches included, to the maine sea; as also to o small tracts of upland and meadow, lying east of the mastic

  5. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 3 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial Governor October 9, 1693 • River, called Puencatame and Hogges neck, and bounded eastward from ye maine sea to a river or creek, called Senekes River, and from thence in a direct north lyne to ye country road, and west by bounds aforesaid mentioned, and south by the sea; as also, one tract of beach, meadow and bay, lying along the South syde of the island aforesaid, with all the islands in the sd bay between the maine Island and the beach afore sd, from a certain Gutt or inlet westward, commonly calledHuntington East Gutt, to a certain stake on the beach Eastward, to a place called Coptwange, being the towne of Southampton westermost bounds; the sd beach and bay being from the East to the west bounds, twenty four miles and seven chaines, as by returne of our sd surveyor, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear. And as Whereas, our loving subject, the sd Col. Willm Smith,one of ye members of our Councill and Chiefe Justice of our sd Province of New Yorke and territorys depending thereon in America, hath not only been a great charge and expence in the purchasing of all the sd necks and tracts of land and meadow, beach, bay and islands upon the south syde of our sd island of Nassau, within ye limitts and bounds aforesaid, but also hath been at much more considerable charge and expence in ye purchaseing and improvement of a certain neck or peninsula of upland and meadow

  6. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 4 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial Governor October 9, 1693 • and thatch beds on creek thatch, within ye limitts and bounds of ye towne of Brookhaven, and lying and being situate on yenorth syde of ye island of Nassau aforesaid, commonly known by ye name of yelittle neck of Brookhaven [I.e., Strongs Neck] aforesaid, being bounded southward by a lyne running along ye east syde of the sd Isthmues, and by ye gate of ye now highway, so running west along ye fence between ye siad Smithe’s Land and Justice Richard Whodhall’s [I.e., Woodhull’s] house Lott to acreek lying on the west syde of ye said Isthmus, and so bounded by ye bay, harbour and salt water round the neck aforesd, to ye marked tree by yegate and highway aforesd; A also, one intire island of thatch lying between the neck afore sd and the old field of ye towne aforsd, by ye sd Smith purchased from Samuell Eburne, Clark; as also a certaine part of a great thatch bedd lying alongst the Eastermost part of ye sd neck, called theIndian Land, as also all such thatch beds or creek thatches as lyes with in the harbour in a direct lyne from ye marked tree, by the Gate, to ye southermost poynt of ye said Little Neck,calledffloyd’s Poynt, given by the townsmen of Brookhaven to him, ye said Smith, as by their deeds relacon being thereunto had, may more fully appear. And whereasour sd loving subject hath, by his Petition, presented to the sd Benjamin ffletcher,our Captaine Generall and Governour-in Chiefe of our sd Province of New Yorke and Territoryes depending thereon in America,and their Majtyes Councill prayed our Grant and confirmacon

  7. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 5 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial Governor October 9, 1693 • Of all and every of the sayed several necks and tracts of land and meadow, beach, bay and islands within the respective limitts and bounds aforesd, , and that wee would likewise erectall and every,the respective necks and tractsof land and meadow within the respective limitts and bounds aforesaid,into a Lordshipp or manor of St. George’s, which reasonable request, for the future encouragement of our sd loving subject, wee being willing to grant; know yee that of our speciall Grace, certaine knowledge and meer motion, we have given, granted, ratified and confirmed, and by these presents doe for us, our heirs and successors give, grant, ratify and confirm unto the sd Willm. Smith, his heirs and assignes all and every the forerecited necks tracts and parcells of Landand meadow within the respective limitts and bounds before menconed and expressed,together withall andevery of themessuages, tenements, buildings, barnes, houses, outhouses, fences, orchards, Guardings, Pastures, meadows, marshes, swamps, pooles, poundes, waters, water courses, woods, underwoods, trees, timber, quaryes, Rivers, Runs, Rivoletts, Brooks, Lakes, Streames, Creeks, Harbours, beaches, bays, inlands fferyes, fishing, ffowling, hunting, hawking, mines, mineralls (silver and Gold mines only excepted) and all the rights, members, Libertyes, Priveiledges, Jurisdictions, Royaltyes, Heriditaments, proffits, benefits, advantages and appurtenances whatsoever, to the aforesd, severall and respective necks and tracts and parcells of Land and meadow, Bay, Beach and Islands with in

  8. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 6 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial GovernorOctober 9, 1693 • The sd bay, belonging or in any ways appertaining, or accepted, reputed, taken, known or occupyed as part, parcell or member thereof; To Have and Hold all the afore-recited, severall and respective necks, tracts and parcells of Land and meadow and premises within the respective limitts and bounds aforesd, with all and every of their appurtenances unto him, the sd William Smith, his heirs and assigns forever; moreover, Know ye that of our further Speciall Grace, certaine knowledge and meer mocon, wee have thought fit,according to ye request of our sd loveing subject, to erect the afore-recited necks, tracts and parcells of Land and meadow, beach, bay and Islandswith in ye limitts and bounds aforesd, into a lordshipp and mannor; and therefore, by these presents, wee doe, for us, our heirs and successors, erect, make and constitute all ye aforesd recited necks, tracts and parcells of Land and meadow, beach, bay and inlandswith in ye limitts and bounds afore menconed together, with all and every the above granted premises, wth all and every of their appurtenances into one Lordship and mannourto all intents and purposes,and it is our Royall Will and pleasure that the sd Lordshipp and mannour shall, from henceforth, be called the Lordshipp and mannour of St. George’s, and know ye that we, reposing especiall trust and confidence in the loyalty, wisdome, Justice, prudence and circumspection of

  9. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 7 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial Governor October 9, 1693 • our sd loveing subject doe, for us, our heirs and successors, give and grant unto the sd Coll. William Smith, and to heirs and assigns of him , the said Coll. William Smith, full power and authority, at all tymes, forever hereafter, in the sd lordshipp and mannour, one court Leet and Court Baron, to hold and keep at such tyme and tymes, and soe often, yearly, as he or they shall see meet [I.e., see fit], and all fines, issues, and amercements at the sd Court Leet and Court Baron to be holden wth in the sd Lordshipp or mannor, to be sett, forfeited, or imployed, or payable, or happening , at any time, to be payable by any of the Inhabitants of, or within the sd Lordship or mannour of St. George’s, or Limitts and bound thereof, and also all and every of the power and authority hereinbefore menconed for the holding and keeping the sd Court Leet and court baron from tyme to tyme, and to award and issue out the accustomary writs to be issued and awarded out of the sd Court Leet and Court Baron to be kept by the heirs and assigns of the sd Coll. Willm Smith forever, or their or any of their Stewards deputed and appoynted, with full and ample power and authority, to distraine for the rents, services, and other summs of money payable by virtue of the premises, and all other lawfull remedyes and means for the having, possessing, levying and enjoyning the premises and every part and parcell of the same,

  10. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 8 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial Governor October 9, 1693 • andall waifes, estrayes, deodands, goods of ffellows happening and being forfeited within the said Lordshipp and mannoor of St. George’s, and all and every sum and summes, and summes of money, to be payd as a post fine upon any fine or fines to be levyed of any lands , tenements, heritaments within the sd Lordshipp and mannoor of St. George’s, and wee doe also further give and grant unto the sd Coll. William Smith, his heirs and assigns, that all and singular, the tenants of him, the sd. Coll. William Smith, within the said mannor shall, and may at all tymes, hereafter meet together and choose assessors within the mannour aforesaid, according to the true rules, wayes and methods as are prescribed for cittyes, townes and countyes within our said Province, &c., by the Acts of Generall Assemblyfor the defraying the publick charge of each respective citty, towne & county aforesaid, and all such summes of money soe assessed and levyed to collect and dispose off for such uses as the sd acts of Generall Assembly shall establish and appoynt, To Have and to Hold, possess and enjoy, and & singular, the sd Lordshipp or mannour of St. George’s and premisses, with all their and every of their appurtenances unto the sd Coll. William Smith, his heirs and assigns to the only proper use, benefit and behoofe of him, the sd. Coll. William Smith, his heirs and assigns forever, and that the sd Lordshipp or mannour aforesaid shall be and forever continue free and exemptfrom the Jurisdiction of any towne, towneship, or mannor whatsoeverto be holden of us, our

  11. Col. William Smith’s Patent, Pt. 9 from the King & Queen, & the Provincial Governor October 9, 1693 • heirs and successors in free and common soccage, according to the tennour of our mannour of East Greenwich, in the county of Kent, in our Kingdom of England, yielding,rendering therefore yearly, and every year forever, unto their most sacred Majesties aforesaid, their heirs and successors, or to such officer or officers as shall, from tyme to tyme, be empowered to receive the same, if demanded, twenty shillings, currant money of this Province, upon the tenth day of October, in lieu and stead of all services, dutyes or demands whatsoever. • Witness, Benjamin ffletcher, our Captaine Generall and Governour in Chief of our Province of New York and all the territoryes depending theron in America. Given at ffort Willm Henry, in our citty of New York, this ninth day of October, in the fift year of our reigne, 1693.” • Source:Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: pp. 77-83.

  12. Getting the Critters Off the Common& An Early Zoning Ordinance on FencingJune 16, 1692 • “At a meeting of the Trustees of the freeholder and comonality of the Towne of Brookhaven upon the 16th day of June 1692 pres[ent] Captn Wodhull Peter Whitehaire John Halluck Joseph Longbo[thum] Samuel Acrely Joseph Tooker Jt is enacted and ordered by the abov[e] Trustees & by Vertue of the power derived from our present Pattent b[ee] Jt further Enacted that the former laws from page 29 to 34 Concerning Cattle Corne fields & fences shall stand in force to bee observ[ed] & kept by the freeholders and Comonality of this Towne & whereas swine are unruly creatures & not Easily turned by fencing Jt is further ordered that all Swine from halfe ayeare old & upward shall not r[unn] in the comons neer any inclosiers without yoakes of a foot or nine inches above the neck & a cross barr of two foot under the throate & all swine under halfe ayeare old shall bee kept within ther[e] owners inclosiers and not to runn at randumin the commons: And [by] Reason much damage is done yearely by unRuly horses being Tur[ned] loos in the Comons without being sidlines with apaire of fett[ers?] noe horses or maires shall runn within a mile of the Towne without being lyable of Poundige ordered likewise that all fences Shall bee of four foot & a half high good & strong and soe closse that sheep cannot goe through [Signed] Richard wodhull Timothy Brewster Clerk”

  13. Grand Local TraditionsBrookhaven Town Highway Planning & Tax Evasion, November 23, 1693A Roadway Clearance Corvee, Late 17th Century StyleFair Warning Notice of Intent to Build • On the Road Diggin’ : • “At a meeting of The Trustees of the ffreeholders & Comonality of the Towne of Brookhaven upon the 27th day of November 1693…It was ordered that the high way at the going over by David Edors be repaired and thatthe high way toward Nesaquake and towards the South and also towards the old mans [Mt. Sinai] bee cleared by the whole Townein gennerall upon thirdsday next and that warning bee givento Neighbours for that purpose. . .” • 17th Century Tax Evasion? : Evading the Town Quit Rent (same meeting): • “ Alsoe at the same Time Collonel William Smith, Es[q.]Did cause his Pattent to bee read before the Trustees abovesaide and Each & Every. Of them Did declare that they had nothing to object against the limits bounds powers privileges within the saide Pattent conteined • Also Coll William Smithdid Covenant and agree for himselfe and his heirs for Ever With the Trustees of the Towne of Brookhaven and theire heires and Successors that for and in consideration offourtie and two shillingsin mony byhim the saide Smith in hand paide for the use of the Towne they doefor Everaquitt the saide Smith and his heires for Ever from any or all quitt rent duefrom the little[i.e., Stongs]Neck & his hom Lotts…” • Source:Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: p. 13.

  14. Brookhaven Colonial Militia Officers, 1693 • “Of ye Regiment of Militia of ye County of Suffolk on ye Island Nassaw: • The Several Compas in Ye Said Regt. • The Foot Compa in the Town of Brookhaven • Common Officers. • Sam. Smith, Captain • Richd Floyd, Lieut. • Joseph Tucker, Ensigne” • Source: Pelletreau, William S. “Appendix: The Colonial Militia” [Excerpt] . In A History of Long Island, From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, v. 2. New York; London: Lewis Publishing Co., 1903:: p. 560.

  15. The Odyssey of William (“Tangier”) Smith, 1693-1705, Pt. 5Smith as Illustrative of Leisler’s Long Shadow Over NY PoliticsIn & Out of High Provincial Office, & his Unkechaug Legacy • On June 8, 1693,he was appointed commander, Suffolk County Militia • On July 2, 1700after theUnkechaug appealed to him for some land to call their own, he deeded them 175 acres in Mastic,in perpetuity, root of today’sPoospatuck Reservation (for 2 ears of Indian corn, annually) • The next Governor, the Earl of Bellomont, entertaining the pro-Leislerian faction, removed William Smith from office as chief justice,on October 30, 1700,but not from the Governor’s Council • When Bellomont diedonMarch 5, 1701, the Lt. Gov. John Nanfanwas in Barbados.William Smith, as senior member of the Governor’s Council became its President,and unsuccessfully attempted to assume the prerogatives of military commander-in-chief, to stiff legislative opposition, later upheld by England’s Board of Trade. His true intent is good grist for historical analysis. On May 19, 1701,Lt. Gov. Nanfan returned and assumed the reins. The next Governor, Lord Cornbury,an anti-Leislerian, evicted his predecessor’s candidate (via judicial proceedings), andbriefly reinstalled Smith as Chief Justice (June 9, 1702-April 5, 1703), when Queen Anne’s own appointee was confirmed. • William “Tangier” Smith died at his Sebonac (today’s Mastic) estateon February 18, 1705.He was buried in Setauket.At his death, still a senior member of the Governor’s Council, he had served England in key positions in two colonies under 4 sovereigns, accrued a manor of over 40,000 acres independent of Brookhaven Town jurisdiction.

  16. Tangier Smith’s SetauketManse (As it Appeared in New York Magazine, Oct 1792)It Still Stands, in Private Hands • Sources (A Partial Tangier Smith Bibliography): • Bayles, Thomas R. “Col. Smith was Mayor of Tangier, Africa, at 20.” Long Island Advance, November 3, 1966: 15. • Bigelow, Stephanie S. “The Remarkable Tangier Smiths.” Long Island Forum, 36(5) May 1973: 85. • Eberlein, Harold Donaldson. Manor Houses and Historic Homes of Long Island and Staten Island. Philadelphia; London: J.B. Lippincott, 1928: 84-106. • Osborne, Chester G., George C. Furman and Hugh S. Furman. The Manor of St. George, Situated at Smith’s Point, Near Mastic Beach, Suffolk County, New York, Dedicated as a Museum and Park, August, 1955. 14 p. • Smith, Ruth Tangier & Henry Bainbridge Hoff. The Tangier Smith Family: Descendants of Colonel William Smith of the Manor of St. George, Long Island, New York.. The Order of Colonial Lords of Manors in America, Pub. No. 34. The Order, 1978. • Wood, Silas. “Sketch pf Col. William Smith.” In A Sketch of the First Settlement of the Several Towns on Long-Island; with Their Political Condition, to the End of the American Revolution, a New ed. Brooklyn, NY: Printed by Alden Spooner, 1828: 139-144.

  17. Figuring Out a Slave’s or Indentured Servant Child’s Age January ye 15th 1694/3 • “Rachell Whitehaire the Wife of Peter Whitehaire declared to mee that DaVid Jinnins. Jun[i]or the son of David & Hannah Jinnins [Jennings?] who is bound unto John Roe Senior was Seven yeares old the 29th of September last which sheweth that he was borne the 29th of September 1686 – • Pr mee Timothy Brewster Clerk” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y. : Town). Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book B, 1679-1756.New York: Derrydale Press, 1932: p. 109. • Questions for Students: Why might local colonial authorities be concerned to know an indentured servant’s age?

  18. Gravitating Toward a New Center, 1/1/1695Coram as Town Meeting Place • By 1695, with a chain of settlements along the Town’s south and north shores, the need for a more centrally located meeting became apparent • The first use of Coram as that more central meeting place was on January 1, 1695. Its adoption took decades. Today the Davis House, site of numerous Town meetings, and votes, and much history, is being allowed to deteriorate. • Source: Bayles, Thomas R. Historical Sketches of Brookhaven Town, Settled in 1655. Middle Island, NY: Thomas R. Bayles, 1946: 3.

  19. Finding Common Ground – May 22, 1696 Settling the Disputed Northeastern Town Boundary& Laying out Some New Common Lands • “The Trustees of the ffreeholders & comonality of the Towne of Brookhave[n] upon the 22n’d of May 1696 present Richard Floyd oswald Foord Thomas [Bigs] Jonathun Owen Samuel Tompson: there was Chosen Richard Woodhull Esqre John Halluck Thomas Helme & Petter Whitehaire to goe to the Wading River to meet the men apointed by the Towne of Southold [to runn] the Line between the Townes and to Survey & lay out the Towns [mead]owaccording to the proportions as may apeare by the rights of com[on]idge • Entered p[e]r mee Timothy Brewster Clerk” • Source:Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789. New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 52-53.

  20. Stony Brook Grist Mill, est. January 27, 1699Adam Smith, Proprietor • “At a Generall Towne meeting ye 27th of January it was agreed by a major voate tha[t] Adam Smith shall have the Townes Right of the Streame called Ston[y] Brookwith two acres of Land adjoyning thereunto wheare it may [bee] most convenient on condition that hee Erect & build a good & suffi[cient] Grist mill & maintaine the Same the Townes me first building the [Damm] he the saide Smiths hall Keep in repaire himselfe & that hee doe [?] oblige to grinde for all the Townsmen who shall in due proporti[on] assist in making the saide Damm at the Rate of two quarts u[pon the?] Bushell of wheate& three of Indian & Rey Further att the same Ti[me] there was granted that the one halfe of the Thatchbed adjonin[g the] thatch which Timothy Brewster bought of Colonel Smith from h[missing] Eastward shall bee layd out by Justice Wodhull & Timothy Brewster [to] bee added to & Remaine for the use of the parsonage for Ever David Edows had the old shopp given to him & the thatch upon the [East] Islands to remaine to his proper use soe Long as hee shall doe the Towne[s] work. . .pr Timothy Brewster Clerk” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y. : Town). Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: pp. 23-24.

  21. The Water-bearer: Brookhaven Town Water AuthorityMoses Owen in the Bull Rushes , with Ropes & BucketsJanuary 4, 1699/1700 • “[Mem]orandum…Jt was agreed by the maj[or part] of all those that weare present att theRaising of the frame of the [Tow]ns wellthat on Condition that moses Owen would treate all those [tha]t weare then present att the saide raising aforesaide then hee the [said]e Moses Owen shall have privilidge of drawing water att the aforesa[ide] [we]ll provided that hee the said moses doe beare an Equall proportion of [the] charge of providing & mainetaining buckitts & well ropes for the [draw]ing of water thereat, [which] hee the aforesaid moses accordingly performed • Entered per Timothy Brewster Clerk” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y. : Town).Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: p. 25..

  22. Rare Exception to the Rule of Unapologetic AppropriationCol. William (“Tangier”) Smith Gives Land Back to the IndiansGranting the Unkechaug Land on Which to Live, July 2, 1700Origin of the Poospatuck Reservation, Pt. 1 • “WHEREAS, Seachem Tobaguss, deceased, did in his Life Time, with the other indians, natives, and possessors of certaine tracts of Lande & meddow, on ye south side of ye Islande of Nasaw, neare Unguachock, by severall deeds under ther handes & seales, & by possession, Liverie & seanon, given for valuable consideratin in sayd deedes, expressed, Did Bargin, sell, alinate, rattifi & confirm unto mee and my heires & assines, to have, holde & inioye for ever, all theire right, titel & Interest of, and to all there sayde Landes, &c., ass afore said ass pr sayd deedes and Patens thereon obteyned, may appeare. Bee it knowne unto all men that the intent sayd Indiean, there children and posterryte may not want suffesient land to plant on, for ever, thatI doe hereby grant for mee, my Heires and assignes, for Ever, that Wisquosuck Iose, wionconow, Pataquam, Steven Werampes, Penaws Tapshana, Wepsha Tacome and Jacob, Indian Natives of Unquachock, there children & ye Posteritie of there children forever, shall, withoute any mollestation from mee, my Heires or assines, shall, and maye plant, sowe for Ever on the conditions hereafter expressed,one hundred seventie and five acres of Land, part of the Lande so solde mee ass is a foresayed, that is to saye, one hundered Akors in mastick Neck, fifty acres at

  23. Rare Exception to the Rule of Unapologetic AppropriationCol. William (“Tangier”) Smith Gives Land Back to the Indians Granting the Unkechaug Land on Which to Live, July 2, 1700Origin of the Poospatuck Reservation, Pt. 2 • pospaton, fefteene acres at Constbles Neck and ten Akers at qualican, and to burn under wood alwaies provided that ye sayd Indians, there children or posterrete have not any preveleg to sell, convaye, to any persunor persans whatsoever, but this planting Rite shall Descende to them & there children for Ever, and that ye herbidg is reserved to me and my Heirs or assines, when there croops are of & thaye yealding and payeing, as an acknowledgment, to me and my Heires, for ever, Two yellow Eares of indian corne, in testimony whereof, I have to these present set my hande and seale, at my manner of St. George’s, this second daye of July, Anno Domey Don 1700. • WM. SMITH • Sealed, Delivered, in the presenc of • RICHARD WOODHULL, • JOHN X W. WOOD” • Source:: [?? Brookhaven (N.Y. : Town). Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: p. [?] .]

  24. “Theire Creatures Falling Therein,” May [14?], 1701 • “Liberty Granted to David Edows to digg a well in the high way against his house wheare it shall bee most convenient for him & to have the sole bennefitt thereof for seven yeare & after the saide well is dugg hee shall give from under his hand to secure the Towne from any damadge of theire creatures falling therein.” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y. : Town).Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: p. 27.

  25. “owr duty not to suffer any of Gods creatures to want”Town Fathers Put in Their 2-5 CentsOr, One Cheap Basturd -- December 26, 1701 • “Whereas Hue Moshier made complaint that Margaret Moshier Daughter of John Moshier is Lately brought to bed at his house of a basturd child which shee hath Laide to Richard Floyd Junier & hath made due complaint unto some of the Justices of this county who as yet have taken noe care for the mainetenance of ye saide child wee beleiving it to bee owr duty not to suffer any of Gods creatures to want. doe there fore order that the said Hue Moshier bee allowed two & three pence per weeke toward the maintenance of the sd child and untill the next quarter Sessions holden in this County. . . .” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y. : Town). Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: p. 27.

  26. Governor’s Request to Review the Town Patent, Pt. 1 Prompt Delivery by the Slowest Method -- December 23, 1703 • “At a meeting of the Trustees of the freeholders of the Towne of Brookhaven upon the Three & twentyeth day of December 1703 • Present – Captn Clark, Thomas Jenner, Joseph Tooker, Benj Smith, William Satterly, Daniel Brewster, Samuel T’ompson • Whearas theare hath been Exhibited before us aproclamation from his Excelency the Governour of New yorke &c comanding all Pattents to bee broaght in to the collector or Receiver General and to shew the same unto him & after hee hath seeeen the same to returne it againeto the Towne Except it bee forcably taken from him. • Ordered that Timothy Brewster of this Towne doe deliver the two pattentsof this Towne to Thomas Jenner & William Satterlyby them to [be] delivered to John Halluck or some other person whom they shall see fitt to sendas aforesaide

  27. Governor’s Request to Review the Town Patent, Pt. 2 With Town Patent En Route to the GovernorBrookhaven’s 11th Hour Confirmation of Questionable Landholding ClaimsDecember 23, 1703 • Jn persuance to an order made at a Gennerull Towne meeting the first teusday in may last past that sundry persons who clasimed an halfe alotment should make their titLe apeare to the sattisfaction of theTrustees wee having overlooked what orders they have produced doe finde that the persons under named have a right to halfe alotmentEver since the yeare one thousand six hundred & seventy six:provided they pay scot & lot in all things with the rest of the Jnhabitants of the Towne & are obedient to the Rules & orders of the Trustees of ye said TowneJohn Tooker John Moshier Ralfe Dayton John Smith______ • Ordered that the persons above named applying themselves to the Trustees acording to former orders shall have an order from the Trustees to the Surveyor for the laying out of such tracks [I.e., tracts] of Land as shall become due to them by Right of devision and upon the Surveyors returne Ordered that the President or any other two of the Trustees in his absence doe give a confirmation of such Tracks of Land so surveyed acording to order Adjorned till further order” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y. : Town). Records of the Town of Brookhaven, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Derrydale Press, 1931: pp. 42-43.

  28. A Progressive Tax-Based Corvee, April 20, 1704, Pt. 1Rates & Days • “At a meeting of the Trustees of Brook Haven, upon twentyeth day of Aprill, 1704…. • Ordered that the Highways bee cleared with expedition… • Ordered, that all prsons belonging to the Towne of Brookhaven Rated in the Queen’s 13 Hundred Pound Tax (County Rate) shall worke upon the highwayes, as followeth: • All persons rated under fivety pound or Fivety pounds shall worke one day each person. • All persons rated from 50 to 100, 2 days each person. • All persons rated from 50 to 150, 3 days each person. • All persons rated from 150 to 200, 4 days each person. • All persons rated from 200 to 250, 5 days each person. • All person rated from 250 to 300, 6 days each person.

  29. A Progressive Tax-Based Corvee, April 20, 1704, Pt. 2 Overseers, Substitutes, Fines, &Division of Labor • Thomas Jenner, Timothy Brewster, Daniel Brewster, and Benjamin Smith are chosen to oversee and order the saide worke, and to take care that all persons that doe not goe themselves doe send good and sufficient hands, and that every person that cometh to worke doe performe his duty under the penalty of three shillings for each defalter, to be gathered by a warrant from under the hande and seal of one of her majestye’s Justices of the peace for the county of Suffolke, and that the whole Towne bee devided into four squadernes , and that each Overseer have a Roll of those persons that are to worke under them the Second in May. • Ordered, that the worke begins upon Tuesday next, acording to the number of theeir Squadurnes and soe onward, and that every overseer doe aply themselves to Mr. Helme’s for theire derections wheare to begin theire worke.” • Source:Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk.Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Up to 1800.Patchogue, NY: The Town, Printed at the Office of the “Advance, 1880: pp. 95-96.

  30. Return to Sender?-- September 27, 170718th Century Homeless Awareness in Brookhaven (Not for Long) • “At a meeting of the: Trustees of Brookhaven upon the 27th of September 1707 • Presnt Mr Nicholl } Daniel Brewster • Mr Floyd } Samuel Tompson • Joseph Tooker } Selah Strong • John Rogers & Jndigent decripped person being brought to this Towne on the 25th day of this Jnstant September from Southould= Ordered that the s[ai]d John Rogers bee Transported back againeto Southould the place of his last Residence and that the charge be borne by the Towne • Adjourned untill further order” • Source:Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789. New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 52-53.

  31. Poverty hath Its PrivilegesBrookhaven Town Cedes Land & Currant Money to SoutholdPart of Wading River is Forfeit -- June 3, 1709 • “[At a Me]eting [of the] Trustees of Broo[kehave]n upon the [3 day of June 17]09 Present Coll Smith Collell Floyd Daniel Brewster William {Satterly] Samuel Tompson Thomas Jenner Selah Strong =Vpon the applica[tion] of James Reave in behalfe of the Towne of Southold in__ [refere]nce to the sd James Reave on the one part in the (missing) in behalf of Southold and the Trustees of Brookehaven on the other [part] [t]hat the Towne of Brookkehaven shall be acquitted and fully __[disch]arged from all charges whatsoever that now is or shall hearaf[ter be]e concerningthe sdJohn Rogershis keeping or care on the condition [that]the Towne ofBrookehaven aforesd doe Resigne unto the Towne of Southold all theire pattent Right of the Land and medow on the the__[East si]de of the wading River & alsoe pay unto saide James [Reave] four pounds in Currant moneyat his housefor the use of [the] Towne of Southoldat or before ye 29th day of September[next] Ensuing Date hereof Jt was Like wise agreed that Samuel Tompson have an order to the Syrveyer for the Laying out of [Tw]enty acres of Land for which is due upon the acomodation [Ri]ght of Joseph Longbothum. . . .” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789. New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 55.

  32. County Records Maintenance Hot Potato3 Towns to Consult – May 16, 1710 • “…Ordered that a Letter bee sent to Southold & alsoe to Southampton to advise with them about the choise of some of some person whom they thinke may bee most su[i]table to keep the county Registerscoll. [i.e., Colonel William] Smithto act for this Towne = adjorned untill further order –” • Source:Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 56.

  33. Prohibition on & Licensing Sale of Cord Wood March 9, 1712 • “Ordered that no persun or persons Whatsoever do hence forth presume to cut & Expose to sale any Cord wood on any part of the Commonswethin the Township of Brook havenon penalty of being prosecutedacording to the Act of Generall assemblywithout Leue [i.e., leave – permission] or lisence first obtained from the maior part of the propriety or trustes of s[ai]d Towne P[e]r Order • H. Smith: President” • Source:Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 61.

  34. Securing Local Support & Naval Stores, Pt. 1Taxes, Tar & Turpentinefor Queen Anne’s War, June 2, 1715 • “Itt wass agreed apon by the trustes that a ten pounde Rate bee made a pon the Towne to be payde by the first of Augustnex[t]: Insueing for ye Defrayeing ye Necessary Charges of ye Towne • Further it isordered that every Barrill of Tarr:that is made or Runin ower townes patten[t]or thatis brought to ower townes Landingspaye a bit pe[r] barrill and for Every Barrill of turpintinethat is made or got i[n] the townes patten[t] shall paye ten shillings for barrillto ye Towneand all other smole quntetys [small quantities] proportinable: the sayd penaltys [to] be payde wethin ten Dayesafter the Rivall or Runing of sd Tarr and [the] [t]urpintine to bee payd in to thee hand of a officer apintedWho [is ?] Coll Floyd.

  35. Securing Local Support & Naval Stores, Pt. 2Limiting Lumbering, Town Pound, & Land Rightsfor Queen Anne’s War, June 2, 1715 • Further it is agred apon that noe manfrom this time forth shall get anytimber in this towne yt [that] hath no[e] Ritin ye Commansnor towneshipand that noe man shall giue libberty [th]at hath a Rite in ye towne to any man that hath noneto get [tim]ber notwithstanying. • Ordered that a pounde be made forthwith and set at ye west En[d] of Cool Floyds barn and he hath giuen ye Towne liberty for t[o] Drive any Cretors to ye sd pound over his Lande that is found in an[y] Trespass:so longe as the sayd pound shall standes • It is further ordered that Every man that hath a Rite in his Tow[ne] is Requiered to bring in his Rite to Cole Smith: or Coll Floyd: or: to Daniel Brewster or Ether of them by the last of June in order to a Divishon of: Akers of Land apon Every Rite of a full alotmen[t] and If any persun shall Neglect or Refuse to Do It he shall louse his Devishon” [Landholders required again to document their right to the land, I.e., prove it or lose it.] • Source:Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk.Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 67-68.

  36. Land Subdivision Scheme & Shenanigans, 1715-1719 • Enlightenment Rationalism?: It appears from the Town records that in order to tax landholding equitably, the Town sought to both readjust landholdings to increments of a given size; in defiance of grants & patents from the Duke of York, kings, and governors • In their zeal to reform, they appear to have moved to: • Limit landholdings to those that could prove their title • Share out all land in the entire Town • Partially dispossess larger landholders, by setting a maximum holding • Encroach on the larger holdings, esp. to the south • Restrict future landholdings to approved owners • Prevent outsiders from moving in • This became a source of complaint, to the Governor’s Council, who accusing the Town Board of malpractice, summoned the Town Trustees to appear before them to explain themselves. • Town records provide no clue what happened at the Provincial level. But, it is interesting to note that local defiance was strong. There was a major illegal cutting & hauling of timber from the Commons, & opponents were elected to key Board slots in 1720. • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 70-97.

  37. A Foot in His Mouth:The Lords Justices of EnglandChallenge Gov. Hunter’s Whaling Rights ClaimsWhitehall, England -- Feb. 25, 1718, Pt. 1 • “You intimate in Your letter to our Secry of 22d Nov. last that the Whale fishery is reservd to the Crown by Your Patents. As we can find no such thing in Your Commission, We desire you will explain what you mean by it. In the meantime We have received another Petition from Mulford, praying Dispatch in our Report upon the Papers our Secretary sent you the 19th of Septemb last: We must therefore desire from You a full Answer to those Papers our Secretary sent you; And particularly as to the Right of the Crown; and that you would inform us what Quantitys of WhalesAre Caught in your Government Comunibus annis; In what Condition that ffishery is, & has been for some years past, especially since your being in this Government, whether other persons have paid & continue to pay the Dues you demanded & which Mulford Complains of; What these

  38. A Foot in His Mouth:The Lords Justices of EnglandChallenge Gov. Hunter’s Whaling Rights ClaimsWhitehall, England -- Feb. 25, 1718, Pt. 2 • Dues may Amount to one Year with Another, & how the profit arising by them is Apply’d. • Upon this Occasion We must observe to you, that we hope you give all due Encouragemt to that Trade. • Mr. Philips has laid before us the Address from the General Assembly of New York to You about Mulford & at the same time acquainted us that he had reason to believe your Answer to Mulfords Complaints was lost in the Ship Mercury.” • Source: New York (State). Secretary of State. The Documentary History of the State of New-York, v. 3, by E.B. O’Callaghan. Albany, NY: Weed, Parsons & Co., Public Printers, 1858: p. 384. • Note: While Mulford was not from Brookhaven, had the Governor’s claim of whaling rights reverting to the Crown gone unchecked, Brookhaven’s longstanding, hard won claim to the lucrative whaling rights within its bounds, would also have been at risk.

  39. Deference & Plea: The Floyd & Smith Petition, Pt. 1 to the Governor’s Council, October 15, 1719 • RichardFloyd & William Smith,“…on behalf of themselves and other fffreeholders and Inhabitants of the Town of Brookhaven…SHEWETH • That Yo Pet[itione]rs having lands within the townshipp as alsoe lands within the Manor of St. George Exempted from the [said Township and ?] the said Town under pretence [and Colour of an Act of Assembly enabeling the respective Townes to] raise moneye to defray their necesssary [chargesassessed yor] petrs estates in the mannor of St. George [and Townshipp of Brookhaven] and sent distresses in the night time for the [?] and great oppression of yor petrsin pticularBut they had extended their power to the generall oppression of all the freeholders of the said Town yor petrs would have rested under their own grievance till a due Course of law would have relieved them without giving ths Honrble Board the trouble of a Complaint But as oppressions and wrongs done to the publick are matters properly to be represented here…the Trustees of the said Town by pretence of the [said act]….andcontrary to the same ends and intent thereof (which your petitioners humbly conceives was for defraying public charges only) have rated petitiors and…ffreeholders and raised moneyes upon….private uses and

  40. Deference & Plea: The Floyd & Smith Petition, Pt. 2to the Governor’s Council, October 15, 1719 • discharging particular agreements with [?] and paying of the Dissenting Minister and other private uses. • That altho the several assessments made beares proper title…yet the moneys thereby raised and levyed have altogether been applied to the private uses above and haue accordingly been paid out by the Treasurer….as yor petrs doubts not to prove And which matter has been soe notorious that the said rates have been levyed [by them without of] fence the ffreeholders not refusing but being ready and willing to pay. • Your petrs therefore Humbly pray your Honr and this Honrble Board to take the matter into serious Consideration and not suffer those laws that are made for the protection and good of all his Maties subjects to be perverted to the Injury and oppression of them And that yor petrs and other the ffreholdersof the said town may be relievedfrom those grievious burthens laid on them by the said Trustees and the Assessors and other officers of the said town contrary to Law …. • Richard Floyd Wm Smith” [Note: no other signatories] • Source: New York (State). Secretary of State. The Documentary History of the State of New-York, v. 3,by E.B. O’Callaghan. Albany, NY: Weed, Parsons & Co., Public Printers, 1850: pp. 386-387.

  41. Town Fathers Accused of Governing MalpracticeOrdered to Appear before the Governor’s CouncilOctober 23, 1719 • “Att a meeting of ye Trustes present Coll Smith: Me Woodhull Samuel Tomsun Sealah Strong Nathaniel Biggs Jonathan Owen – Then the petetion of Richard Floy[d] & William Smith Esq[u]ie[r]: & c: Exhibited his Maisite – Counsell 15th of ocktober complaineing of male practices in ye Truestes of sd Town wharein all partys conserned are Required to giue theire Attendanc the : 5 : Daye of November being published and Red it was voted & agreed that Coll Henery: Smith Lefte [I.e., Lt.] Jonathan Owen Me Richard Woodhull and Me Selah Strong & Samuel Tomsun Do accordingly in behalf of ye Towne giue there personall Attendanc at ye Counesel Borde at New Yourke: & also prosecute such Resanable methods ass thaye maye Judge subservant to secureing the Publick Interest of the sayd Towne.” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 94.

  42. Deference & Plea: The Brookhaven Town Board Counter-Petition, Pt. 1to the Governor’s Council, late October, 1719 • “….SHEWETH That your Petitioners being extremely surprised, to Vnderstand by a Petition Exhibbitted your Honrs the 15th …by Richard Floyd & William Smith Esqrs, wherein the Trustees Assessors & Collector of this Town, are peremptorily charged wth many illegall & indirect practices in their Late Publick administrations. Your petitioners hauing duly weighed & considered the contents thereof, & finding it to containe many False & scandalous reflections, Esteem it our indispensible Duty, Humbly to present your Honrs That what moneys pr said Trustees haue Lately been raised to defray the Publick and necessary charge of this Town, was grounded on a very Just and unexceptionable basis, and also been Judiciously appropriated to such pious & advantageous uses as are absolutely essentiall to the promoting Relligion, the aduancement of Learning, & securing the Public Peace & Tranquillity of this Town: And tho’ represented to yor Honrs as a greuious imposition; yet from Time to time, we haue freely and volentarily paid our respective assessments to all of thosePublick charges.

  43. Deference & Plea: The Brookhaven Town Board Counter-Petition, Pt. 2to the Governor’s Council, late October, 1719 • Yor Peticioners therefore Humbly prays, that in regard yor Honrs haue unworthily been imposed uppon, and that these Complaints are groundless, as well as extremely mallicious, That yor Honrs in yor abundant Wisdom & Justice, will take such prudent & effectuall measures, as that innocency may be protected, The deuices of our aduersaries exploded, & the vniverall Peace & fellicity of this Town, County & Gouernment most happely promoted & Established to the Honr of Almighty God, & the vnexpressible Joy & satisfaction of all his Majts most Dutiful & Loyall subjects: • And yor Petitioners (as in duty bound) shall euer pray.” • [A 3-column list of 67 endorsing signatories ensued] • Source: New York (State). Secretary of State. The Documentary History of the State of New-York, v. 3,by E.B. O’Callaghan. Albany, NY: Weed, Parsons & Co., Public Printers, 1850: pp. 388-389.

  44. Order in Council -- November 6, 1719A Ruling on the Petitions -- Passing the Pound • “Fort George in New York, the • 6th day of November. 1719 • All parties concerning the Petition of Richard Floyd and William Smith Esqrs in behalf of themselves and other the Inhabitants and Freeholders of the Town of Brookhaven in the County of Suffolk were calledin and after a full hearing by their councill this Board is of the opinion that if the petitioners do conceive themselves they may have their Remedy at Common Lawand in the meantime the Trustees are discharged from further attendance on this Board.” • Source: New York (State). Secretary of State. The Documentary History of the State of New-York, v. 3,by E.B. O’Callaghan. Albany, NY: Weed, Parsons & Co., Public Printers, 1850: p. 389.

  45. Two Early Restraining Orders, Issued by the TownOr, No Dam Right of Way -- January, 31, 1720 • “Att a meteing of ye Trustees on ye last daye of Jenewary, 1720, present Jonathan Owen, William Satterly, Samuel Tomson, Richard Woodhull, Nathaniel Roe, Moses Burnet, voteed & agreed upon that John Hallat, Jr., bee forewarned from obstructing the highwaye, by makeing a Dam or otherwayes.Allso, that Mr. Sills foreworn Nathaniel Dayton from fencing and improveing any further ye Townes Towne’s lande among ye clift, at ye wadeingRiver.” • Source:Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Up to 1800.Patchogue, NY: The Town, Printed at the Office of the “Advance, 1880: p. 112.

  46. Reining in Unapproved Land Grabs & Enclosures of Town Common Lands, Pt. 1“their Hath Bin Much Troble & Charges” -- June 5, 1721 • “. . . Whereas their Hath Bin much troble & Charges Created in the town, of Brookhaven by Reson of sundry persons who hath formerly taken up & appropriated to themselves mor[e] Land to themselves than their Equal proportion with the Rest of the proprietors in the said Lands: in order theirfore that Each & Everry of the prorpriators & freeholders & persons therein Concerned should Receave their & Every of their Equall proportion of Lands according to their severall & Respective Rights & have inparti[al] Justice Done them upon the said acc:[ou]nt a Comitte for the same purpose hath Bin, Chose[n] and have Bin Invested with power & aathority suficient for to prced By & allso qually[fy] by oath to fix and Equalize the same in form & manor as a foresaid: which said Com[m]itt[ee] Hath Discharged their Duty & oath accoring to their Trust to the Generall satisfaction [&] Content of the freholders &persons therein Concerned: & forasmuch as the afore sd Ille[gal] method of taking up land hath proved C[h]argeable & hath bin Deemed Highly unresonable it is there fore Enacted By the Thrustees of Brookhaven & by the avthority there of that for the futre no person or persons whatsoever shall take up or inClose or appropriate to themselues or to any others any of the towns Lands Comon & undevided without first

  47. Reining in Unapproved Land Grabs & Enclosures of Town Common Lands, Pt. 2Surveying & Recording Requirements & Legal RemediesJune 5, 1721 • making their Just Rights appear to the satisfaction of the Trustees of Brookhaven afore said & Likewise to obtain an order from the said Trustees for the survaying of the same & upon the said survay to make speedy Return to the Clark of the town from under the Hand of the Survayer that shall be appointed to survay the same so ordered wherein shall be Jnserted the Dementioned of the sd Land& How itt is Butted & Bounded & the oner of the sd Lands shall Cavs [i.e., Cause] the same to be Recorded at his one Charge: & all persons that shall herafter EnClose or Enter into possestion of any undevided Lands by any other way or means then what is here prescribed shall be Liable to be proceeded against according to the Direction of the laws and acts of the town & Court that is & shall be in that Case made & provided • Dated in Brookhaven this 5th Day of June 1721” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk.Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: pp. 100-101.

  48. Enforcement of Tenants in Common & Town Water RightsApril 23, 1724 • “. . . Voteed and agreed upon by the Trustes in generall that Nathaniel Brewster shall forthwith prosecutes the hallats for thare obstruting ye highwayes & trasparing [i.e., trespassing] apon ye Townes Lande att ye fresh pon[d] in ye olde feile and allsoe against ye sd Hallats for thaire fencing in & apropiateing to thaire owne use ye publick watering place belonging: to the Towne all along ye west & norwest side of Nasakegd” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 118.

  49. Strict Observation of Penalties for Trustees’ Tardiness(Precedent for Rotary & Lions Club Exactions?)June 2, 1724 • “Allowed by ye Trustes to Justis Strong and Nathaniel Brewster tu [2] shillings a Day[e] for assesing ordered that from this time forward that If any one of ye Truste[s] after wor[n]ing giuen Doth not appeare at ye time and place shall forfit a pinte of Rum. . .” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk. Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: p. 118. • Ed. Note:Continuation of a 17th century tradition. My hunch is that this may still be on the books.

  50. Canines Unleashed, to Be Drilled!Ye 18: Daye of Desember 1728 • “Wharas sundery of ye Enhabitans of Brookhaven haue sufered grate Damage in thare flock of sheps by Dogs that have Larnt to kill & Destroy them not being as yet any care taken to prevent Dogs from Runing about without there Respectiue owners the sd inhabitant being still in continuall Danger of more lose of ye samekinde unles spedy Remedybee found for the futer bee it therefore inackted by ye Trustes of Brookhaue & by the power and athoryte of ye same that from ye publication of this actt shall find any Doge or Dogs from his home a quorter of a mile not following any that belongs to his home or ownerthat it shall & may beelawfull for any man so finding him to shute [i.e., shoot] or[o]ther wise to Kill or to Destroy ye sd Doge or Dogs& if any persun should happen to bee sued or otherwise molestedin any of maiestys Courtes of Iudicature or beefore any Justis of ye peace for so Destroyeing such Dogs that then it shall bee seffeac [i.e., sufficient] Defenc thare of by order of the Trustes Sineed by the presedent: Jonathan Owen- • Desember ye 18 1728 Attest Daniel Brewster Clarke –” • Source: Brookhaven (N.Y.:Town). Clerk.Records . Town of Brookhaven,, Book C, 1687-1789.New York: Published by The Derrydale Press, for The Town, 1931: pp. 100-101.

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