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Fundamentals of Power Supplies

Fundamentals of Power Supplies. Rectifier. Filter. Regulator. AC Input. AC Rectified (Pulsating DC). Smoothed DC. Smoothed & Regulated DC. Basic Diode Circuits. Capacitive Filtering. Finite Charge/Discharge times of RC circuit smooths out pulsating DC from the Rectifying circuit.

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Fundamentals of Power Supplies

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  1. Fundamentals of Power Supplies

  2. Rectifier Filter Regulator AC Input AC Rectified (Pulsating DC) Smoothed DC Smoothed & Regulated DC

  3. Basic Diode Circuits

  4. Capacitive Filtering

  5. Finite Charge/Discharge times of RC circuit smooths out pulsating DC from the Rectifying circuit

  6. Types of Rectifiers • The effect of a single diode rectifying circuit - called a half-wave rectifier - produces the 60 Hz pulsating DC signal that must be smoothed by the filter circuit. • The action of this circuit removes 1/2 of the AC component from the Power Supply input and increases the difficulty of smoothing. • The full-wave rectifier saves both halves of the AC input and makes the signal easier to smooth by the filter circuit

  7. Diode A Full-Wave Rectifier Diode B AC Input

  8. Output waveform from Diode A - half wave rectified + cycle Output waveform from Diode B - half wave rectified - cycle Combined waveform from both + & - cycles

  9. Full-Wave Rectifiers The full-wave rectifier circuit requires a center tapped transformer in order to function. Transformers are usually the most expensive part of a power supply; with center tapped transformers more expensive than single transformers. For these reasons, an alternate full-wave circuit is usually used, called a full-wave bridge rectifier.

  10. Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier - + - +

  11. Full-Wave Rectifier and Filter Circuit

  12. Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier and Filter Circuit

  13. The operation of all of these circuits is based on the rectifying property of semiconductor diodes. We saw these effects in the Workbench exercise done earlier. A plot of diode voltage versus diode current is shown on the next slide.

  14. Scale is mA Scale is A

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