Oregon’s Forest Future

1. Oregon’s Forest Future Charting a Course to Prosperity and Vitality Dean Hal Salwasser at OSU Over Lunch Portland, OR May 10, 2005

2. What We’ll Cover • A vision for forests • Forest values • American forests in a global context • Sustainability and forests • Different roles for different forests • The work ahead

3. The “Whole Forest” View • All Forests:fromurban forests and tree farms to parks and wilderness • All Forest Products:fromwood and water to wild things and wild places • All Forest Practices:from preservation and protection to restoration and production • All ForestUses:fromrecreation and learning to jobs and cultural vitality • All Forest Values:fromcarbon stores and jobs to sources of life and cultural heritage

4. A Vision for Forests … • Sustain and enrich human well being through diverse values, uses, products and services; • Managed and conserved to meet changing needs based on local knowledge plus ever- improving science and technologies; • Serve current and future generations in sustaining our communities and rich cultural heritage.

5. Forests that … • Deliver high quality water • Sustainably meet domestic needs for forest-based resources • Reward owners/stewards with multiple benefits • Contribute to perpetuation of biological and cultural diversity, ameliorate impacts of human activities • Grow in extent, productivity, resilience • Are managed for distinct local capabilities & values • Restore human spirit and stewardship ethic • Bring people together for common purpose

6. Lands of Many Values • A vision for forests • Forest values • American forests in a global context • Sustainability and forests • Different roles for different forests • The work ahead

7. Forests are Sources of Life • Clean water and air • Abundant fish and wildlife • Cultural heritage • Climate and carbon • Recreation and aesthetics • Wood and fiber • Non-wood forest products • Jobs and personal identity • Wealth and revenues

8. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Clean water, clear air …

9. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Fish, wildlife and habitats …

10. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Sacred tree Cultural heritage … Family forest owner Agroforestry Forest retreat

11. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Recreation …

12. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Scenic beauty …

13. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Climate, carbon, and oxygen … Forests store ~ 45% of the carbon In terrestrial ecosystems, CO2 + H2O + Sunlight = O2 + wood

14. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Wood products … Rayon shirt Paper Wood furniture

15. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Salal Bull elk Non-wood products… Ramps Ginseng Morels

16. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Artist in woods Jobs and personal identity… Hunter Mushroom picker Fishing guide on river

17. Forests Sustain Quality of Life Wealth and revenues to support schools and public services

18. Global Forest Context • A vision for forests • Forest values • American forests in a global context • Sustainability and forests • Different roles for different forests • The work ahead

19. Global Forces • Population growth • Political instability • Trade issues • Restructuring in forest products industry • Widening rich-poor gap • Raising of “green” consciousness • Rising consumption • Global climate change • Non-native invasive species

20. Global Forest Trends • Forest area: ~ 9.6 bil ac; 50-66% of 1600 ce • Forest loss: ~ 23 mil ac/yr in 1990s • Population + economic growth = forest loss, but not always • - 30 mil ac/yr tropics, + 7 mil ac/yr non-tropics • Demands for forest benefits ever growing • Water quality, quantity • Wood use (range flat near term to + 0.3 to + 0.5%/yr long term) • Biodiversity conservation • Carbon storage • Recreation, subsistence, cultural uses

21. Global & U.S. Wood Use • Ind. wood use rose 40% since 1960: ~ 56 BFt3 in 2000 • Fuel wood use > industrial wood use: ~ 63 BFt3 in 2000 • Ind. wood use could increase 33% by 2050: ~ 71 BFt3 • ~ 75% of global wood and fiber will come from planted forests by mid century or earlier • ~ 33% of industrial wood used worldwide crosses an international boundary from tree to product • US imports 37% of softwood products consumed; exports associated jobs & impacts (81% growth since 1991) • US uses 27% of world’s industrial wood; largest per capita • US forest and wood choices drive global wood market UN FAO 2003: 2000 data

22. US in Global Context Percent of World Share (UN FAO 2003: 2000 data)

23. Oregon in US Context Percent of National Share (USFS and ODF data 1999)

24. Forests in OR Economy • $12.6 Billion annual industrial output; +$9.7 Billion w/ multiplier $22.3 Billion total economic impact; 11% of OR total • 85,600 direct forest products jobs 190,400 total with multiplier 9% of Oregon employment 37,900 jobs in forest recreation/tourism • $40,525 average wage ($34,840 state ave.) • 50% of traded sector employment in 15/36 OR counties • 23% of total OR traded sector employment

25. Sustainability • A vision for forests • Forest values • American forests in a global context • Sustainability and forests • Different roles for different forests • The work ahead

26. Sustainability • Balance among environmental, economic and cultural aspirations • Equity across societal sectors and generations • Engagement of people in social choices that affect them • Adaptability to constant change

27. Sustainable Forestry The suite of policies, plans and practices that seek to protect, produce, and perpetuate forest ecosystems for the values, uses, products, and services desired by communities and landowners for this and future generations NCSSF 2005

28. Fitting Forest to Purpose • A vision for forests • Forest values • American forests in a global context • Sustainability and forests • Different roles for different forests • The work ahead

29. Breadth of Sustainable Forest Management • Sustainable forest management varies by forest type, ownership, primary purpose • Forest purposes: • Wood and fiber production • Multiple resource values/uses • Reserves, nature preservation • Urban and community forests

30. Most of world’s future wood will come from planted forests: • ~ 33% now, ~ 75% by 2050 • ~ 10% or less of global forest area • Primary purposes: • Grow trees for wood, fiber • Increase forest value to owner • Management challenges: • Thrive in global markets • Increase wood yield: > 2x over natural • Reduce environmental impacts • Improve wood quality, consistency • Produce high return on investment • Maintain social license to operate Wood Production Forests

31. Most of the world’s accessible forests have multiple resource purposes • ~ 40% of global forest area eventually • Primary purposes: • Meet diverse landowner objectives • Increase forest value to owner(s) • Challenges: • Optimize multi-resource outcomes • Produce multiple benefits for acceptable costs • Differentiate products • Finance non-market benefits Multi-resource Forests

32. Parks, wilderness, natural areas: • 12.4% worldwide in 2000 • ~ 50% of global forest area eventually • Primary purposes: • Sustain at-risk species, natural processes, “wild” ecosystems • Recreation, cultural uses • Management challenges: • Minimize human impacts • Restore, promote wildness, naturalness • Ameliorate effects of invasive species, air pollution • Achieve goals for least costs Reserve Forests

33. Urban, Community Forests • Where 80% of the people live • Primary purposes: • Attractive communities, neighborhoods • Conserve resources: water, energy • Increase property values • Backyard wildlife habitats • Management challenges: • Safety, infrastructure impacts • Minimize sprawl and resource use • Minimize invasive species escapes

34. Reserve Forests:Mostly federal, some state, tribal, private Wood Production Forests:Mostly industry, family, some state, tribal Social Benefits Economic Benefits Multi-resource Forests:Mostly state, tribal, some family, some federal Forest Sustainability Environmental Benefits Urban, Community Forests:Forests where people live

35. Ownership Matters Multi-resource Reserve Wood Production * Industry, TIMO * Private, large Family, ENGO Tribes State Federal * Streamside zones, leave trees, habitats as mini or micro reserves

36. Oregon’s Balance

37. Oregon Forest Owners

38. Leading the Way • A vision for forests • Forest values • American forests in a global context • Sustainability and forests • Different roles for different forests • The work ahead

39. Challenges • Keep forest lands in forest uses for forest values • Maintain market share against global forces • Meet people’s forest resource needs • Improve management and conservation • Create new knowledge and technologies: Sciences and products for sustainability • Enhance lifelong learning and extended education • Develop incentives for sustainable production and conservation … AND

40. Address Demand -- Consumption Ethic Intelligent consumption and production of renewable natural resources is key to sustaining quality of life; Overuse or poor choices degrade ecosystems, transfer effects; Prudent choices consider impacts, the future, and the entire life cycle of resources.

41. Forest Economic Strategy • Increase sustainable harvest by 25%; to 5 BBF • Increase direct family-wage jobs by 15%; 98,500 • Innovate in forest products, marketing • Educate publics about OR forest resources • Boost long-term forest productivity, value • Limit regulatory costs to science-based essentials • Reduce costs of unhealthy forests, fires • Make OR forest environmental benefits key to marketing

42. University Roles … • Deliver a highly skilled forest/mill workforce • Create a stronger science base for all SFM systems • Increase environmental performance of all forests and forest products • Increase productivity and sustainability of forest resources and forest products • Educate a more knowledgeable citizenry • Promote prudent policies, empowered communities • Advocate for diverse, productive, resilient forests and associated human communities

43. OSU Forest Initiatives • Affordable access to excellent forest resource education – scholarships, endowed faculty • Research focused on issues of the future: • Forest/watershed health and fires, insects, invasive species • Planted forest productivity and value enhancement • Forest protection law effectiveness re water, fish, wildlife • Wood product innovation and durability in use • Commercial outdoor recreation and tourism management • Outreach and engagement – policy, extension, public education