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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS. Definitions. D.O.T. (Department of Transportation) Hazardous Material: Material that poses an unreasonable risk to the health and safety of response personnel, the public and or the environment. Definitions. OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration )

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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS

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  1. HAZARDOUS MATERIALSAWARENESS

  2. Definitions • D.O.T. (Department of Transportation) • Hazardous Material: Material that poses an unreasonable risk to the health and safety of response personnel, the public and or the environment.

  3. Definitions • OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) • Hazardous Chemicals: Chemicals that present health or physical threats to workers.

  4. Definitions • CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act) • Any substance listed under CERCLA 101 (14), 104 (a)(2), USDOT 49 CFR 172.101, and any Hazardous Waste. • This includes biological and disease causing agents.

  5. Definitions • EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) • Extremely Hazardous Substance (EHS): Materials determined to be extremely hazardous to a community in the event of a spill or release, this is due to the inherent toxicity or severe physical hazard of the material.

  6. Types of Emergencies • Hazardous Materials: • The hazard is the product. • Other Emergencies: • The emergency is the hazard

  7. Placarding Requirements • Reportable Quantities (RQ’s) • Materials must be placarded when they are >1,001 pounds or 110 gallons. • There are five commodities that must be placarded in any quantity: • EXPLOSIVES “1”, “A & B” (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) • POISON GAS 2.3, or POISON “A” • FLAMMABLE SOLID DANGEROUS WHEN WET 4.3 • POISON (LIQUID) “6.1” “INHALATION HAZARD” • RADIOACTIVE III “7”

  8. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Explosives Class “A”, “1.1”, “1.2” • Substances most likely to explode. • Examples: DYNAMITE, NITROGLYCERINE, DETONATING CORD. • HAZARDS: DETONATION, INSTANTANEOUS RELEASE OF HEAT & GASES. • PLACARDED IN ANY QUANTITY.

  9. EXPLOSIVE “A”

  10. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Explosives Class “B”, “1.3” • Substance with deflagration / rapid combustion potential. • Examples: FLASH POWDERS, LIQUID ROCKET PROPELLANT. • HAZARDS: DEFLAGRATION. • PLACARDED IN ANY QUANTITY.

  11. EXPLOSIVE “B”

  12. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Explosives Class “C”, “1.4” • Substances containing limited amounts of Class “A” & “B” (1.1 - 1.3) explosives. • Examples: SAFETY FUSES, PAPER CAPS, FIREWORKS, SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION. • HAZARDS: SAME AS 1.1 - 1.3 EXPLOSIVES DEPENDING UPON AMOUNT OF MATERIAL INVOLVED.

  13. EXPLOSIVE “C”

  14. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Explosives Class “1.5” • Substances that are “relatively” insensitive. • Examples: ANFO (AMMONIUM NITRATE FUEL OIL). • HAZARD HAZARDS: MASS DEFLAGRATION.

  15. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Explosives Class “1.6” • Substances that are extremely insensitive.

  16. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Flammable Gases “2.1” • Gases that can burn when mixed with air and an ignition source. • Examples: METHANE, PROPANE, HYDROGEN. • HAZARDS: FIRE, BLEVE (BOILING LIQUID EXPANDING VAPOR EXPLOSION).

  17. FLAMMABLE GAS

  18. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Non - Flammable Gases “2.2” • Gases that do not burn. • Examples: Carbon dioxide, neon, helium, “ammonia”. • Hazards: Container failure (SHIT - Sudden Heat Induced Tear)

  19. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Poison Gases “2.3” “Poison A” • Gases or vapors that are very dangerous to life. • Example: Cyanide gas, hydrocyanid acid, chlorine, diphosgene. • Hazards: Death, Toxicity. • Placarded in any quantity.

  20. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Oxygen (liquefied state “2.2”). • Combustion enhancing commodity. • Examples: Oxygen. • Hazards: Enhances combustion, liquid extremely enhances combustion. • Placarded: Yellow with Flaming Ball.

  21. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Flammable Liquids “3.0” • Liquids with a flash point below 141 F. • Examples: Gasoline, alcohol, acetone, pyrophoric liquids. • Hazards: Fire, toxicity, BLEVE.

  22. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Combustible Liquids • Liquids with a flash point between 141 F and 200 F. • Examples: Pine oils, fuel oil, chlorinated solvents. • Hazards: Fire, toxicity, BLEVE.

  23. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Flammable Solids “4.1” • Solids likely to cause fires through friction, retained heat, or are ignitable. • Examples: (1 Wetted explosives, 2 Self-reactive materials, 3 Readily Combustible solids) nitrocellulose, fuses, magnesium pellets. • Hazards: Fire, exothermic decomposition.

  24. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Spontaneously Combustible Material “4.2” • Materials when exposed to air may burn. • Examples: (1 Pyrophoric meterial, 2 Self heating material) aluminum alkyls, white phosphorus, charcoal briquettes. • Hazards: Exposure of these materials to air can cause them to burst into flame, or to self heat to the point of igniting other materials.

  25. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Dangerous When Wet Material “4.3” • Materials that react with water. (1 The reaction produces spontaneous flammability or, 2 The reaction produces flammable gas. • Examples: Sodium hydride, calcium carbide, potassium metal alloys. • Hazards: Use of water on these materials can cause unwanted reactions or increase fire spread.

  26. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Oxidizers “5.1” • Materials that yield Oxygen (O2). • Examples: Chlorates, permanganates, nitrates. • Hazards: Can greatly increase combustion of flammable materials, also materials with these compounds have the potential to provide both the fuel and oxygen legs of the fire triangle.

  27. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Organic Peroxides “5.2” • Materials containing surplus Oxygen plus a hydrocarbon. • Examples: Benzoyl peroxide, Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide. • Hazards: These “unstable” peroxides have the ability to detonate or deflagrate when contaminated, heated, or deteriorated.

  28. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Poisonous Materials / Irritants “6.1” • Materials (other than gases) that are known or suspected to be either toxic or irritating to humans. • Examples: Parathion , potassium arsenate, tear gas, xylyl bromide. • Hazards: Exposure to these materials can cause anything from irritation to death. • If “Inhalation Hazard” then placarded in any quantity.

  29. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Etiological Agents or Infectious Organisms “6.2” • Materials that pose a health threat to the public due to infectious abilities. • Examples: Anthrax, blood or body fluid contaminated equipment, AIDS, hepatitis. • Hazards: long term disability from the disease process.

  30. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Radioactive Materials “7” • Radioactive I • Materials that give off >= 0.5 millirems/hr. on the outside of the container. • Examples: Chromium 51 • Hazards: Radiation exposure.

  31. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Radioactive Materials “7” • Radioactive II • Materials that give off >= 0.5 but <= 1.0 millirems/hr. at 3 feet or less from the surface of the container. • Examples: Iodine 131 • Hazards: Radiation exposure

  32. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Radioactive Materials “7” • Radioactive III • Materials that give off >= 50 millirems/hr. at container surface, or >= 1.0 millirems/hr. at 3 feet away from the container surface. • Examples: Cobalt 60, Strontium 90. • Hazards: Radiation exposure

  33. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Corrosives “8” • Materials: Liquids or solids that can damage human tissue or steel on contact. • Examples: Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide. • Hazards: Damage to skin or metals by a corrosive effect.

  34. HAZ MAT CLASSES • Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials “9” • Materials which could cause annoyance or discomfort to flight crew members, any material subjected to DOT requirements not covered by any other classification. • Examples: Adipic acid, polychlorinated bi-phenyls (PCB’s) molten sulfur. • Hazards: Various.

  35. Haz Mat Classes - Other Regulated Materials (ORM’s) • ORM-A (“6.1”) • Materials with anesthetic, irritating or noxious properties. • Examples: Chloroform. • Hazards: Anesthetics, irritants, other types of annoyances.

  36. Haz Mat Classes - Other Regulated Materials (ORM’s) • ORM-B (“8”) • Materials that can cause significant damage to transport vehicles (Aluminum) if released. • Examples: Metallic mercury, copper chloride. • Hazards: Poisoning, damage to container or transport.

  37. Haz Mat Classes - Other Regulated Materials (ORM’s) • ORM-C (“9”) • Materials unsuitable for shipment unless properly packaged and identified. • Examples: • Hazards: Various.

  38. Haz Mat Classes - Other Regulated Materials (ORM’s) • ORM-D • Materials that present with limited hazards. • Examples: Small arms ammunition, and consumer commodities. • Hazards: Various.

  39. Haz Mat Classes - OtherRegulated Materials (ORM’s) • ORM-E (“9”) • Materials not otherwise specified elsewhere, Including hazardous wastes. • Examples: Hazardous wastes. • Hazards: Ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, EPA toxicity, meets the TLEP (Toxic leachable extraction procedure).

  40. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Occupancies • Who is the primary occupant? • Industry, manufacturing, storage, business, residence, service, special. • What is the primary “product”? • Raw materials, finished foods, synthetics, plastics, chemicals, consumer goods, industrial goods, commercial products.

  41. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Location (s) Where Hazardous Materials Incidents may occur. • Roadways • Railways • Waterways • Airways • Pipelines • Fixed Facilities

  42. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Container Shapes and Size. • Boxes, drums, barrels, pails, cans, bottles. • Dewars, Cylanders, carboys, portable tanks, tote tanks. • Radioactive-fiberboard boxes, steel containers, lead or parafin lined containers • Intermodal containers, semi-trailers, dry bulk carriers, intermodal trailers. • Highway containers, railway containers.

  43. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Highway Cargo Tank Trailers • MC 306 DOT 406 • Atmospheric pressure • Elliptical end profile • Rollover protection • Bottom mounted control box • Normally aluminum construction

  44. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Highway Cargo Tank Trailers • MC 307 / DOT 407 • Low pressure <= 40 psi @ 70 F • Round or horseshoe end profile • Internal stiffeners • Often double shelled • Usually a single top manhole

  45. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Highway Cargo Tank Trailers • MC 312 / DOT 412 • Pressure not exceeding 75 psi • Exterior stiffening rings • Circular end profile • Top loading and unloading stations • Exterior piping • “Corrosive carriers”

  46. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Highway Cargo Tank Trailers • MC 331 • Pressure between 100-500 psi • Transports “liquefied” compressed gases • Circular cross sections • Hemispherical ends • Bolted manhole at upper rear of trailer • Bottom loading and unloading stations

  47. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Highway Cargo Tank Trailers • Tube Trailers (High Pressure) • Pressures between 600-5,000 psi • Carry compressed gases • Usually several horizontal tubes

  48. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Highway Cargo Tank Trailers • MC 338 • Cryogenic Liquid carriers • Contain liquefied gases • Large bulky tanks • Piping in flat rear section of the tank • Enclosed loading and unloading stations, rear or side.

  49. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Highway Cargo Tank Trailers • Dry Bulk Carriers • Normally don’t transport hazardous materials • V-shaped bottom outlets • Molten Product Carriers • Normally carry molten roducts (ie. sulfur) • Large insulated metal containers

  50. HAZ MAT INDICATORS • Rail Cars • Box Cars • Constructed of steel and wood • Can transport almost any commodity • Often difficult to identify the specific commodity carried

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