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Cosmetic Expressions and Sexuality. The Relationship between Body Modifications and Promiscuity By: James Gentry, Charla Chailland, and Jared Smith. Introduction. Why would there be a correlation? How are body modifications related to sexual behavior? Is there a correlation?
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Cosmetic Expressions and Sexuality The Relationship between Body Modifications and Promiscuity By: James Gentry, Charla Chailland, and Jared Smith
Introduction • Why would there be a correlation? • How are body modifications related to sexual behavior? • Is there a correlation? • Our definition is limited to tattoos and/or piercings.
Literature Review • A number of the studies found significant relationships (p < .001) of body modifications in the form of tattoos and/or piercings on the participation in sexual intercourse • Carrol, S. T., Riffenburgh, R. H., Roberts, T. A., & Myhre, E. B. (2002). • Roberts, T.A., Auinger, P., & Ryan, S. A. (2004). • Roberts, T. A., & Ryan, S. A. (2002).
Hypothesis • Participants with more piercings and/or tattoos are more likely to engage in more sexual experiences, and have a greater number of sexual partners.
Methods • 115 participants filled out a questionnaire regarding various sexual activities, frequency of sexual activities, and number of body modifications. • Participants were 63% female, ages ranged btw. 18-25. Our participants were predominantly Caucasian.
Likert Scale • 0 – Never • 1 – Once • 2 – Once a year • 3 – Once a month • 4 – Once a week • 5 – 2-6 times per week • 6 – Daily • 7 – Multiple times daily
Questions regarding sexual behavior on a Likert scale: • 1. Kissed? • 2. Fondled with clothes on? • 3. Fondled with clothes off? • 4. Manually (with hand) stimulated someone sexually? • 5. Been manually stimulated by someone sexually? • 6. Gave oral stimulation? • 7. Received oral stimulation? • 8. Participated in vaginal sexual intercourse? • For this eight-item scale, the Cronbach’s alpha was a = .9510.
Results • No significance found between body modifications and sexual activities/partners (p = .159) as a whole. • Upon splitting gender: • No significant correlation among males, r(42) = .142, p = .370. We threw them out.
Results (cont.) • Females had more body modifications (M = 3.4247) than males (M = .2857), t(113) = 8.484, p < .005. • Significant positive correlation between number of female body modifications and frequency of sexual behavior r(73) = .278, p = .017. • This includes all body modifications, but we wanted to exclude one piercing in each ear.
For females we found a significant main effect of number of body modifications on frequency of sexual acts, p = .016.
For females there was a significant main effect of number of body modifications on number of sexual partners, p = .02.
For females we found a marginally significant main effect of number of body modifications on number of one-night stands, p = .06.
Discussion • Results show significant relationships among females. • Results do not yield any significant correlations between male body modifications and sexual behaviors. There was a floor effect for male body modification.
Discussion (cont.) • Results give more insight into the relation between female body modifications on sexual behaviors. • Females with 4 or more body modifications were more likely to participate in more sexual activities and have more sexual partners.
Interpretation • We found that females with body modifications are more likely to participate in sexual behaviors. • We also found that females with 4 or more body modifications are more likely to: • participate in one night stands. • participate in greater frequency of sexual acts. • have sexual relations with many more partners.
Limitations • Age group- Young adults have limited sexual experiences. • Homogenous population • Few tattoos reported—Few body modifications for males. • Only certain groups of people had direct access to questionnaire link (Greek house emails)
Future Directions • How do age differences affect sexual experiences? • Why are females more likely to have body modifications than males? • Do body modifications and frequency of sexual activities have any relationship with socioeconomic class? • Run similar study, focusing solely on piercings (use a larger sample size).
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