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Pherogram N ormali z ation for CE and MEKC analyses of bio-matrices. Jetse Reijenga 1* , Han Martens 2 , Andrea Giuliani 3 and Marcella Chiari 3. 1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, E indhoven U niversity of Technology, The Netherlands
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Pherogram Normalization for CE and MEKCanalyses of bio-matrices Jetse Reijenga1*, Han Martens2, Andrea Giuliani3 and Marcella Chiari3 1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands 2.Martens Engineering BV, Heerlen, The Netherlands 3.Institute of Biocatalysis and Molecular Recognition, C.N.R., Milano, Italy
migration time reproducibility, limitations due to: • Different injection volumes • Stacking differences • Non-uniform fieldstrengths • EOF variations • Coating deterioration
reference migration time tiR = LdLt / V(ui + ueof) sample migration time ti = LdLt / V(ui + ueof + )
calculation of , () Peak 1. LdLt /Vt1 - ueof = LdLt / Vt1R - ueof - Peak 2. LdLt /Vt2 - ueof = LdLt / Vt2R - ueof - • = (1/t1 - 1/t2)/(1/t1R - 1/t2R) 2V/LdLt = = (1/t1 + 1/t2)/ - (1/t1R + 1/t2R)
migration time correction tiR = 1/(1/ti - /2) FIELD shift factor: 1/ EOF shift factor: ti/tiR
CEqualizer Freeware, download from http://www.ceyork.f2s.com
what CEqualizer does: • Load data files (ref + new) • Select identification peaks • Calculate correction factors, • Display FIELD and EOF shift factors • Normalize with respect to reference • Save normalized new data file
Example: Steroids with sweeping MEKC J.-B. Kim, J.P. Quirino, K. Otsuka, S. Terabe, J. Chromatogr. A 916 (2001) 123
Example: Opioids in urine A.B.Wey, W. Thormann, J. Chromatogr. A 916 (2001) 225
Example: inorganic anions with twin CE detection system R. Bodor, D. Kaniansky, M. Masár, J. Chromatogr. A 916 (2001) 31
Example: β-blockers in large volume stacking CE J.P. Quirino, S. Terabe, Electrophoresis 21 (2000) 355
Example: aromatic amines in large volume stacking CE J.P. Quirino, S. Terabe, Electrophoresis 21 (2000) 355
Conclusions • Diagnose peak shifts samples vs standards • Distinguish Fieldstrength and EOF effects • Normalise sample Electropherograms
Acknowledgements data files of published material were provided by: D. Kaniansky (Bratislava), J.-B. Kim and S. Terabe (Hyogo), J.P. Quirino (Sunnyvale) and W. Thormann (Berne) CEqualizer on http://www.ceyork.f2s.com