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POPs Monitoring in Japan – Fate and Behavior of POPs -

POPs Monitoring in Japan – Fate and Behavior of POPs -. Takeshi NAKANO, (Hyogo Pref. Inst. of Pub. Health & Env. Sci.) Takeshi_Nakano@pref.hyogo.jp

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POPs Monitoring in Japan – Fate and Behavior of POPs -

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  1. POPs Monitoring in Japan – Fate and Behavior of POPs - Takeshi NAKANO, (Hyogo Pref. Inst. of Pub. Health & Env. Sci.) Takeshi_Nakano@pref.hyogo.jp Minoru FUKUSHIMA (Osaka city Inst. of Pub. Health & Env. Sci.), Yasuyuki SHIBATA, Noriyuki SUZUKI, Yoshikatsu TAKAZAWA (National Inst. for Env. Studies), Yoshitoku YOSHIDA, Noriya NAKAJIMA, Yasunori ENOMOTO (Ministry of Environment), Shinsuke TANABE (Ehime University), Masatoshi MORITA (National Inst. for Env. Studies)

  2. Introduction POPs monitoring by Japanese Ministry of the Environment (former Environment Agency) had continued from 1978 in the biological samples and from 1986 in the water and sediment samples until 2001. To cope with the Stockholm Convention, changing pollution levels, and the technological innovations, the activity was reframed into "POPs pollution investigation (POPs monitoring survey)" in 2002 taking into consideration the data accumulation and continuity.

  3. Methods and Materials POPs monitoring survey fiscal year 2002, -102 air samples from 34 sites, -114 water samples from 38 sites, -189 sediment samples from 63 sites, -118 biological samples from 24 sites were analyzed using HRGC/HRMS for PCBs, HCB, aldrin, endrin, DDTs, chlordanes, heptachlor, and HCHs.

  4. Acknowledgements This study was supported by POPs monitoring survey from the Ministry of Environment.

  5. Trend of PCB Use in Japan Total 58,000t Amount of PCB use (t)

  6. PCB usage(t) PCB level (ng/m3)

  7. 0.01-1ng/m3 0.1-10ng/L Air Water Sediment Biota 0.05-800ng/g-dry 0.1-800ng/g-wet POPs levels (2002)

  8. Fish Air 魚 大気 Shellfish Water 貝類 水質 Sediment Bird 底質 鳥

  9. 50 45 abundance(%) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Air Human blood Water Breast milk Bird

  10. 2002 γ-HCH biota water sediment air α-HCH

  11. 2002 β-HCH biota water sediment air α-HCH

  12. 2002 cis-CHL biota sediment water air trans-CHL

  13. 2002 heptachlor sediment air biota water trans-CHL

  14. 2002 oxy-CHL biota water sediment air trans-CHL

  15. 2002 DDEs biota sediment water air DDTs

  16. 2002 DDDs sediment biota water air DDTs

  17. 2002 DDDs sediment biota water air DDEs

  18. 2002 o,p’-DDT biota sediment air water p,p’-DDT

  19. Atmosphere heptachlor Max dieldrin DDTs 75% Median 25% aldrin endrin HCB Concentration(pg/m3) HCHs PCBs Min chlordane Atmosphere

  20. Water DDTs Max Median heptachlor 75% endrin aldrin 25% Concentration(pg/ｌ) PCBs Min HCHs HCB chlordane dieldrin Water

  21. 40 250 200 30 150 20 100 10 50 0 0 1970 1980 1990 2000 HCH y=(3×109)e-0.13xr2=0.88 HCH Concentration (x103pg/l) PCB Concentration (x103pg/l) Years Time Trends of PCBs and HCHs Concentrations in Yodo River

  22. Sediment endrin HCHs HCB Max dieldrin Median aldrin heptachlor 75% Concentration(pg/ｇ-ｄｒｙ) 25% PCBs Min DDTs chlordane Sediment

  23. Biota endrin HCHs Max HCB 75% Median Concentration(pg/ｇ) 25% heptachlor aldrin Min DDTs PCBs chlordane dieldrin Biota

  24. ←DDTs(7.8×105） chlordanePCBsHCB HCHs heptachlor DDTsdieldrinendrinaldrin ←PCBs(4.2×104） ←HCHs(3.1×103） chlordane(2.4×104） HCB(4.2×104） dieldrin(2.7×104） endrin(1.4×104） aldrin(1.6×104） HCHsPCBschlordaneDDTsdieldrinHCBendrinheptachloraldrin heptachlor(1.4×104） Fish Bird Water Sediment Shell fish Atmosphere Biota Concentration Ratios for POPs

  25. p,p’-DDT Technical DDT o,p’-DDT o,p’-DDE p,p’-DDE p,p’-DDD o,p’-DDD 40 Atmosphere Mussel 20 0 40 Fish Water 20 0 40 Sediment Bird 20 0 60 40 20 0 80 60 40 20 0 100 80 60 40 20 0

  26. ＤＤＴ vs ＤＤＤ 1000 Biota （●） Sediment （●） ×103pg/m3, l, kg 1 Water （●） 0.001 Atmosphere （●） 0.0001 0.01 1 100 10000 1000000 ×103pg/m3, l, kg

  27. 30 t-CHL 20 Technical Chlordane c-CHL 10 t-NCL HEP 0 c-NCL OXY HEPX Mussel Atmosphere Fish Water Bird Sediment 60 40 20 0 Relative Concentration (%) of Chlordane and its related Compounds

  28. ｔｒａｎｓ- vs cis-ｃｈｌｏｒｄａｎｅ Biota （●） 1000 Sediment （●） ×103pg/m3, l, kg Water （●） 1 Atmosphere （●） 0.001 100 1 1000000 10000 0.0001 0.01 ×103pg/m3, l, kg

  29. Technical HCH α γ β δ Atmosphere Mussel Water Fish Sediment Bird

  30. α-HCH vs β-HCH Biota （●） 1000 Sediment （●） Water （●） ×103pg/m3, l, kg 1 0.001 Atmosphere （●） 0.001 1 1000 ×103pg/m3, l, kg

  31. Lake Biwa in 1975 α：17% γ：8% β：75% 11000 3000 100 Av Conc 158600pg/l 80 2000 60 Composition(%) Concentration(pg/l) 40 1000 20 0 0

  32. (1,400-2,100) chlordane in Ambient Air Concentration (pg/m3)

  33. (2100) Chlordane in Water Concentration (pg/L)

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