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The Replanting of Lochaber Hydro Power Station

The Replanting of Lochaber Hydro Power Station. by Andrew Thick. Topics to be covered today. Scheme modelling; Operating capability of Lochaber; Turbine selection; Penstock works. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme. Gravity Inflows. Surge Chamber. Gravity Inflows. Spill. Spill.

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The Replanting of Lochaber Hydro Power Station

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  1. The Replanting of Lochaber Hydro Power Station by Andrew Thick

  2. Topics to be covered today • Scheme modelling; • Operating capability of Lochaber; • Turbine selection; • Penstock works.

  3. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  4. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  5. Spey Dam

  6. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  7. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  8. Laggan Dam

  9. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  10. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  11. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  12. Loch Treig and Dam

  13. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  14. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  15. Schematic of the Lochaber Scheme Gravity Inflows Surge Chamber Gravity Inflows Spill Spill Spill tunnel tunnel Power-house tunnel Tailrace Penstocks Loch Laggan & reservoir Spey reservoir Loch Treig Loch Linnhe

  16. Penstocks, Powerhouse and Smelter

  17. Simplified Lochaber Scheme Model Gravity Intake Flows are combined with Reservoir Inflows Qintakes Qintakes QLin QLspill QTin QTspill QLin QTunnel QLin QP/H QTin Treig Laggan

  18. Energy Modelling Results

  19. Scheme Operating Capability Diagram Average Operation 9.3 % Q 90.7 % Q No Gravity Inflows 0 % Q 100 % Q Max. Gravity Inflows 100 % Q 0 % Q

  20. Operating Capability in terms of Loch Treig Level Note: 90.7% of water from Loch Treig9.3% of water from gravity intakes

  21. Scheme Operating Capability Diagram Average Operation 9.3 % Q 90.7 % Q No Gravity Inflows 0 % Q 100 % Q Max. Gravity Inflows 100 % Q 0 % Q

  22. Operating Capability in terms of Surge Shaft Water Level Note: 90.7% of water from Loch Treig9.3% of water from gravity intakes Penstock Limitation

  23. Scheme Operating Capability Diagram Average Operation 9.3 % Q 90.7 % Q No Gravity Inflows 0 % Q 100 % Q Max. Gravity Inflows 100 % Q 0 % Q

  24. Operating Capability in terms of Surge Shaft Water Level Note: All water from Loch Treig

  25. Scheme Operating Capability Diagram Average Operation 9.3 % Q 90.7 % Q No Gravity Inflows 0 % Q 100 % Q Max. Gravity Inflows 100 % Q 0 % Q

  26. Operating Capability in terms of Surge Shaft Water Level Note: All water from gravity intakes

  27. Scheme Operating Capability Diagram Average Operation 9.3 % Q 90.7 % Q No Gravity Inflows 0 % Q 100 % Q Max. Gravity Inflows 100 % Q 0 % Q

  28. Example Operation exceeding Penstock Pressure Rise Limit

  29. Turbine Selection The steps towards to turbine selection were: • Analysis of historical data of scheme operation • The number of generating units was selected – 5 • Analysis of operating data from scheme model • Performance data from tendering suppliers was fed into the scheme model

  30. Scheme Operation Frequency Plot

  31. Turbine Selection The steps towards to turbine selection were: • Analysis of historical data of scheme operation • The number of generating units was selected – 5 • Analysis of operating data from scheme model • Performance data from tendering suppliers was fed into the scheme model

  32. Turbine Selection The steps towards to turbine selection were: • Analysis of historical data of scheme operation • The number of generating units was selected – 5 • Analysis of operating data from scheme model • Performance data from tendering suppliers was fed into the scheme model

  33. Turbine Selection The steps towards to turbine selection were: • Analysis of historical data of scheme operation • The number of generating units was selected – 5 • Analysis of operating data from scheme model • Performance data from tendering suppliers was fed into the scheme model

  34. Penstock works Key aspects of the penstock works were: • Need to undertake the works minimising shutdown of generation. • Existing penstock system was very complex. • In order to maintain double isolation, the penstocks needed to be dewatered sequentially. • The works were complex with poor access. • Decision with RTA to laser scan the penstock system and create a 3-D model.

  35. Multiple buspipes Numerous Valves Bifurcations

  36. Penstock Area – difficult terrain!

  37. Penstock works Key aspects of the penstock works were: • Need to undertake the works minimising shutdown of generation. • Existing penstock system was very complex. • In order to maintain double isolation for the penstocks needed to be dewatered sequentially. • The works were complex with poor access. • Decision with RTA to laser scan the penstock system and create a 3-D model.

  38. Survey Point Cloud Data

  39. AutoCAD 3-D Model

  40. Project Summary • The generating plant has been replaced to give 25+ years life extension. • The water to wire efficiency has been improved from 75% to 90+%. • Energy production increased from 460 GWh/yr to 600+ GWh/yr. • The scheme’s capability is better understood and limitations identified. • The scheme was completed ahead of schedule and is operating successfully with minimal disruption to Smelter operations during construction

  41. Thank you for your kind attention Contact Details Andrew Thick BEng CEng MIMechE URS Infrastructure and Environment UK Limited International House, Dover Place Ashford Kent TN23 1HU United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 1233 658200 hydropower@urs.com

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