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Embryonic staging series for the African House Snake ( Lamprophis fuliginosus) using external morphology

Embryonic staging series for the African House Snake ( Lamprophis fuliginosus) using external morphology. Eric Dichter and Scott Boback. Department of Biology, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA. Outline. The motivation The question African House staging series Continuing work

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Embryonic staging series for the African House Snake ( Lamprophis fuliginosus) using external morphology

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  1. Embryonic staging series for the African House Snake (Lamprophis fuliginosus) using external morphology Eric Dichter and Scott Boback. Department of Biology, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA.

  2. Outline • The motivation • The question • African House staging series • Continuing work • Goals for future

  3. Darwin’s finches – morphological variation of beaks

  4. Bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp4) Abzhanov et al. 2004

  5. Bmp4

  6. Is Bmp4 responsible for head shape differences between island and mainland boas?

  7. African House Snake staging series • oviparous • smaller size • shorter time of development • docile • VERY prolific reproduction

  8. Staging criteria for Rock Python Adapted from Boughner et al. 2007

  9. Staging criteria for African House • Mandibular length (relative to maxilla) • Brain development • Location of organs • Angle of cervical flexure • Weight • Length • Eye pigment • Scales Adapted from Boughner et al. 2007

  10. 0-1 days Visible, protruding mesencephalon Mandible External organs

  11. 6 days Visible, protruding mesencephalon Mandible External organs

  12. 9 days Visible, protruding mesencephalon Mandible External organs

  13. 13 days Visible, protruding mesencephalon Mandible External heart

  14. 16 days Visible, protruding mesencephalon Mandible Internalized heart (moved caudally)

  15. 13’ days Visible, protruding mesencephalon Mandible Scales forming

  16. 16’ days Visible, flattening mesencephalon Mandible

  17. 27 days Visible, linearized skull Pigmentation pattern beginning

  18. 34 days Opaque, elongate skull Pigmentation pattern darkening

  19. 43 days External hemipenes Pigmentation pattern darkening further

  20. 54 days - hatched

  21. Conclusions • Rate of development variable – depends on environment, health of mother, genetics • Comparable development at oviposition • Development of L. fuliginosus similar to Python sebae – much shorter incubation

  22. Continuing work • Mating snakes, incubating eggs, harvesting more embryos • Clearing and staining – location, timing of bone development in jaws • In situ hybridizations – determine presence, location, timing of expression of certain growth factors (Bmp4, Bmp2, Fgf8, Shh)

  23. Many thanks to… • Prof. Boback • Prof. Mistry • Neil Ford • Ali Maksimak • Mike Montross • Chase Walling

  24. Works cited • Boughner, J.C., Buchtova, M., Fu, K., Diewert, V., Hallgrimsson, B., Richman, J.M. 2007. Embryonic development of Python sebae – I: Staging criteria and macroscopic skeletal morphogenesis of the head and limbs. Zoology 212-230. • Abzhanov, A., Protas, P., Grant, B. R., Grant, P.R., Tabin, C.J. 2004. Bmp4 and Morphological Variation of Beaks in Darwin’s Finches

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