350 likes | 758 Views
HTML5 & CSS3. A Practical Guide. HTML5 is more than HTML5. HTML5 Spec CSS3 Spec Web Fonts JavaScript to tie it all together. What’s New in HTML5 Spec?. Simplified and Loose Syntax New Elements and Attributes Embedded Media Canvas Offline Storage Drag and Drop Geo-Location.
E N D
HTML5 & CSS3 A Practical Guide
HTML5 is more than HTML5 • HTML5 Spec • CSS3 Spec • Web Fonts • JavaScript to tie it all together
What’s New in HTML5 Spec? • Simplified and Loose Syntax • New Elements and Attributes • Embedded Media • Canvas • Offline Storage • Drag and Drop • Geo-Location
What’s New in CSS3 Spec? • New Selector • Decorations • New Column Layout • Transformation (Rotate, Resize…etc) • Animation (Fade In/Fade Out)
HTML5 In the real world
Why Use HTML5 Today? • Pros • Better semantics • Lean code • Improved user experience • Cons • Some work is needed to accommodate older browsers
Approaches • Modernizr • Numerous polyfills
Modernizr • A minimal JavaScript solution (5k) that detects a browser’s features
html5shiv • Turns HTML5 structural elements into HTML4 elements for older browsers • <header> becomes <div id=“header”>
Using <video> today • Pros • Greater compatibility • Better performance • Cons • More complex preparation • Can be tricky when embedding hosted videos (YouTube, Vimeo, etc.)
Video tag markup • Video for Everybody code by Kroc Camen<video width="480" height="270" controls><source src="mafSept10Welcome.mp4" type="video/mp4" /><source src="mafSept10Welcome.ogv" type="video/ogg" /><object width="480" height="289" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="player.swf?&file=mafSept10Welcome.flv”><param name="movie" value="player.swf?&file=mafSept10Welcome.flv&" /></object></video>
VideoJS • Builds on VFE • Uses JavaScript for a more consistent experience • Falls back gracefully if JavaScript is disabled • FREE! See http://videojs.comfor details and downloads.
CSS3 In the real world
Why Use CSS3 Today? • Pro • Smaller download • Less JavaScript • Better user experience • Cons • Some work is needed to accommodate older browsers
Various Approaches • CSS3 + IE Filters • PIE • Selectivzr • Modernizr • eCSStender
CSS3 + IE Filters • Pure CSS solution with forks background: #1E5799; /* old browsers */ background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #1E5799 0%, #2989D8 50%, #207cca 51%, #7db9e8 100%); /* firefox */ background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,#1E5799), color-stop(50%,#2989D8), color-stop(51%,#207cca), color-stop(100%,#7db9e8)); /* webkit */ filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#1E5799', endColorstr='#7db9e8',GradientType=0 ); /* ie */
PIE • A JavaScript solution that uses IE specific behavior that is applied via HTML Components (HTC). • Limited feature support: • border-radius • box-shadow • linear-gradient • HTC file is 11kb.
Selectivizr • A JavaScript solution that emulates CSS3 pseudo-class and attribute selectors in IE 6-8
Modernizr • A JavaScript solution that detects user browser’s features
eCSStender • A JavaScript solution that dynamically writes CSS to support older browsers. • Core is (20k), Extensions are additional (tiny)files to download. Only download the extensions that you want.
Which Approach To Take? • Depends… • How much CSS3 are you leveraging • Download size and performance • Who’s your client • No JS support and fall back strategies • Test, Test, Test!
@font-face In the real world
Web fonts • Allows a page to use fonts not installed on a users computer • @font-face first spec’d in CSS2 • Resistance from font designers made it unworkable • Designers and services now working together to make fonts available
When to use web fonts • Great for headlines, pull quotes, etc., especially when limiting font styles to limit file size • Be careful with body copy. Not all fonts are readable at body copy size • Keep in mind that different browsers will render differently, so avoid line-breaks and accommodate re-flow of text
Using web fonts • Pros • Fewer images = lighter pages • More creative typography • Easier to maintain pages • Cons • Added page size • More “creative” typography • Rendering differences make testing a must
Hosted solutions • Typekit, Monotype, etc. • Low set up difficulty • Excellent compatibility: IE4+, Firefox 3.5+, Safari 3.1+, Opera 10+, Chrome 4+ • Great selection, no licensing issues • Javascript file required, dependence on 3rd party • Recurring payments required upper tiers
Serving locally • Good selection from Font Squirrel, League of Moveable Type, etc. • Moderate set up difficulty • Excellent compatibility: IE4+, Firefox 3.5+, Safari 3.1+, Opera 10+, Chrome 4+, iOS • No JavaScript required • Using your own desktop fonts probably violates the license
How to use @font-face • Hosted services require a script tag and configuration via their website • Local code (generated by Font Squirrel):@font-face {font-family: 'LeagueGothicReg';src: url('League_Gothic-webfont.eot');src: local('☺'),url('League_Gothic-webfont.woff') format('woff'),url('League_Gothic-webfont.ttf') format('truetype'), url('League_Gothic-webfont.svg#webfontOTINA1xY') format('svg');font-weight: normal;font-style: normal;}
Take Away • Don’t be afraid to provide the HTML5 experience today • HTML5 • CSS3 • Web fonts • JS