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Models of Citizenship. British Comparative European European Union International. British citizenship. No written constitution No Bill of Rights Based on principles of liberty: negative liberty Closely associated with national identity Has this changed?.
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Models of Citizenship British Comparative European European Union International
British citizenship • No written constitution • No Bill of Rights • Based on principles of liberty: negative liberty • Closely associated with national identity • Has this changed?
External citizenship: Immigration and asylum • Legislation on Immigration and Asylum since 1962 • The Commonwealth: the Windrush and establishing difference • Associated Race Relations legislation • Asylum seekers and refugees: tightening the rules on entry and access
Internal citizenship: Devolution • 1997: Scottish parliament and Welsh Assembly • Different policy directions in core public service provision: changing citizen entitlements? • Increasing nationalist representation (Scottish Nationalist Party and Plaid Cymru): the end of British identity?
Citizenship and security • Anti-terrorist legislation : balancing individual rights and collective security • Identity cards: rights of the state versus the rights of the citizen • Is there a trade off between liberty and security?
Comparative European 1: France • Republican principles from revolution • Jus soli • End of Empire and North African immigration • Second generation: cultural homogeneity, secularism, social stability and legislative change • Paris riots 2005 and Nicolas Sarkozy
Comparative European 2:Germany • Cultural rather than national identity as basis of citizenship • Jus sanguinis • From cultural to racial homogenisation • Turkish Gastarbeiter: 2000 change to law • Reunification: Are Ossis second class citizens?
EU citizenship • Established in 1992 Treaty on European Union • Political Union for the Peoples of Europe • Social rights for workers: no welfare state • Charter of Fundamental Rights and the Constitution
International perspective • Does globalisation make us global citizens? • Does it require global governance? • Transnational rights and post-national citizenship? • Cosmopolitanism • Culture, identity and thus citizenship remain nationally formed