From Lenin to Stalin: The Rise of Communism

1. From Lenin to Stalin: The Rise of Communism

2. Karl Marx • “All that is solid melts into air” • “From each according to his ability; to each according to his need” • “Workers of the world unite!” • “Last words are for fools who haven't said enough” • “The rich will do anything for the poor but get off their backs”

3. Capitalism vs. Communism

4. Building the Communist Soviet Union • Stalin verses Trotsky • Trostky: a leader during the revolution and civil war, scholar of Marxism. • He wanted to spread the communism • Stalin: politically cunning, gets leadership position under Lenin • Wanted to focus on Russia

5. Government of the Soviet UnionSynthesizing Information Activity • Constitution of the Soviet Republic • The Soviet Union Under Stalin • Experience of a Gulag (prison camp)

6. Stalin’s 5-year Plans • Command Economy: government officials made all basic economic decisions. • Build of Industry • Results? • Revolution in Agriculture • Collectives: large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group • Results? • Synthesizing Information Activity • Collectivization

7. Promoting Collectivization This poster promotes mechanization of agriculture on large collective farms. Peasants were urged to work in brigades, as in industry, to increase productivity. The poster visualizes an ideal of disciplined workers in ordered fertile fields. The robust figures give no hint of the actual crop failures and famine in 1931-32 that resulted from forced collectivization.

8. Life in a Totalitarian State • Totalitarianism: a one-party dictatorship attempts to regulate every aspect of the lives of its citizens • Controlled through: • Terror • Propaganda • Communist Ideology replaces religion

9. Communist Dictatorship in the Soviet Union

10. Life Under Stalin Primary Sources • One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich or Odin den’ IvanaDenisovicha "Apart from sleep, the only time a prisoner lives for himself is ten minutes in the morning at breakfast, five minutes over dinner, and five at supper.“ • I. V. Stalin, Problems of Leninism Now we are able to carry on a determined offensive against the kulaks, to break their resistance, to eliminate them as a class and substitute for their output the output of the collective farms and state farms. There is another question which seems no less ridiculous: whether the kulaks should be permitted to join the collective farms. Of course not, for they are sworn enemies of the collective-farm movement ...

11. Task: Create a Political Cartoon or Propaganda • Create a political cartoon to illustrate a problem in the Soviet Government under Lenin or Stalin OR • Create a piece of Soviet Propaganda that promotes the Soviet Government/Communism Characteristics of a political cartoon: • Expresses an opinion • Uses humor or satire • Often includes a title/caption or labels • Usually uses symbolism Characteristics of Propaganda: • Extreme Nationalism • Supports government policies • Promotes or damages a cause/idea Topics for Political Cartoons: • The results of Stalin’s five year plans • The Great Purge • The Communists’ criticism of capitalism despite communism’s lack of success Topics for Propaganda Poster: • Communist successes and the evils of Capitalism • Collectivization • Industrial gains

12. Task: History Through Literature • One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich • Answer the Questions that follow on a separate sheet of paper.