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State Housing Policy. Ing. David Slavata, Ph.D Ekonomika bydlení. Definition of housing policy. The sum of legislative and economic instruments used by the government to reach the given aims on the field of housing . Example of legislative instruments :
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State Housing Policy Ing. David Slavata, Ph.D Ekonomika bydlení
Definition of housingpolicy The sum of legislative and economicinstrumentsused by thegovernment to reachthegivenaims on thefield of housing. Example of legislativeinstruments: protection of tenants, rulesforagreements…. Example of economicinstruments: rent control, subsidiesforpoor……
Basic focuses of housingpolicies • Socialdemocratic model • Corporatics model • Liberal model • Rudimentar model
Socialdemocratic model • The dominant support of tenanthousing • Public control of housing • Public housing • Example of northern EU counties
Corporatics model • The dominant support of workingclass • Social justice • Balanced support of allkinds of housing (tenant, ownership, cooperative) • Germany, France, Austria
Liberal model • Individualactivity of individualsis dominant • Housing market • Subsidiesonlyforpoor • USA, Great Britain, Australia, Ireland
Rudimentar model • No subsidies to housing • Problems of housing are solved on thelevel of families (familyclans) • Portugal, Greece, Japan
The point of administrativestructure • Housingpolicyiscentralised (France) • Housingpolicyispartlydecentralised (Germany, Spain, Italy) • Housingpolicyisdecentralised (Belgie)
Theadministrativestructure of housingpolicy Government (Ministry forregionaldevelopment - cz) Regions Municipalities
HousingPolicy of the Czech Republic • Shortview to the Czech housinghistory • Thesubjectswhich influence thehousingpolicy • Thepresentation of basic instruments
History of the Czech housingpolicy • 1918 – 1938: Rent deregulation, relieffrompropertytaxes, tenantprotection • 1938 – 1945 : Theincrease of housingcostruction ( untill 1941), strong rent regulation, redistribution of realestates
1945 – 1989: rent regulation, state control, housing list, state housing construction, state company construction, unification, collective housing, low quality standards • 1989 – 2011: rent deregulation, privatization, restitutions, decentralizations, moving from administrative to market system, diversification of housing constructions, quality improving.
Themainevents in statehousingpolicyafter 1989 • Restitutions • Transfer of ownership to cities • Privatization of hopusingstock
Thesubjects of thehousingpolicy – the public field • Ministry of RegionalDevelopment • StateFundforHousingDevelopment • Ministry of Enviroment • Ministry of Finance • Ministry of SocialAffairs • Regions • Municipalities
Privatefield • NGOs (tenantorganisations, organisations of owners, organisations of cooperatives) • Real estatecompanies • Cooperatives • Politicalparties • Mass media
Currentproblems of Czech housing and itsfuture • Energy dificultiesand highrateof polution • Qualityof housing • Legislative status • Livingexpenses of poorfamilies • Concentration of poorfamilies
Instruments • Subsidies to the owners of houses (flats) • Subsidies to thetenants
Statesubsidies to owners of houses • Loans and subsidies to owners (hypothecs) – up to 12000Eur/flat, house • Subsidyforsavingforfuturebuilding up to 120Eur/year • Subsidyforbuilding of socialflats – up to 20000Eur/flat • Subsidiesforreparation of oldhouses – up to 2200Eur/flat
Subsidyforthechanging of theheatingsystem – up to 2400Eur • Subsidyforinsulate of houses
Subsidy to thetenants • Subsidyforcovering of livingcost – up to 80Eur/month • Subsidyforcovering of renovation of flat – up to 4000Eur/flat • Subsidyforcovering of using barier free flat- up to 16Eur/month