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Periodic Table

Periodic Table . The Atom and the Elements. Periodic Table. In 1872, Dmitri Mendeleev arranged the 60 known elements into columns or groups with similar properties. Periodic Table. Today’s periodic table contains 117 elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number . PERIODIC TABLE.

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Periodic Table

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  1. Periodic Table The Atom and the Elements

  2. Periodic Table • In 1872, Dmitri Mendeleev arranged the 60 known elements into columns or groups with similar properties.

  3. Periodic Table • Today’s periodic table contains 117 elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

  4. PERIODIC TABLE • Arranges similar elements together in patterns • Arranged by the # of protons or atomic number • Helps predict properties of an element PERIODIC LAW – states that when elements are arranged in order by # of protons, similarities in properties will occur in a pattern

  5. Today’s Element List • 10 = 99% of the mass of the Earth (5=92%) (O,Si,H, Al, Fe, Ca,Na,Mg, Cl,K)

  6. Metals Shiny Solids Stretched and Shaped Conductors of heat and electricity Nonmetals Solids, liquids or gases Solids – dull and brittle Poor conductors of heat and electricity ****Semiconductors / Metalloids – exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals FAMILIES OF ELEMENTS

  7. How do you tell if it’s a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? • Metals • On the left hand side of the zigzag line (except for Hydrogen – exception) - Metalloids or Semi-metals - Touching zigzag line (Except for Al) - Exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals • Nonmetals • On the right hand side of the zigzag line (plus Hydrogen)

  8. How would you classify calcium? • Metal • Nonmetal • Metalloid

  9. How would you classify arsenic? • Metal • Nonmetal • Metalloid

  10. How would you classify carbon? • Metal • Nonmetal • Metalloid

  11. GROUPS PERIOD To keep table shorter/ in line

  12. GROUPS • Columns of the periodic table • Atoms of elements in the same group have the same # of valence electrons and therefore behave similarly PERIODS • Rows of the periodic table • All elements in a period have the • their valence electrons in the same energy level.

  13. Which of the following are in the same group? • H, He, C, Li • K, Ca, As, Br • He, Ne, Kr, Ar • B, Al, Ge, Sn

  14. Which of the following are in the same period? • H, He, C, Li • K, Ca, As, Br • He, Ne, Kr, Ar • B, Al, Ge, Sn

  15. Representative and Transition Elements

  16. METALS • 4 Different kinds of metals • Alkali metals: soft, shiny and very reactive • Group 1: not found in nature as elements • Alkaline earth-metals: less reactive • Group 2: have two valence electrons • Transition Metals: many uses • Groups 3-12

  17. NONMETALS • 3 Different kinds of metals • Noble Gases: mostly non-reactive, very stable • Group 8: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn • Halogens: very reactive, gain one electron to form a stable compound • Group 7: F, Cl, Br, I

  18. Diatomic Gases • Seven elements are called diatomic and never exist alone in nature. • Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beans????? • H2 • N2 • F2 • O2 • I2 • Cl2 • Br2

  19. Magnesium is in which group? • Alkali metals • Alkaline earth metals • Transition metals • Halogens • Noble gases

  20. Lithium is in which group? • Alkali metals • Alkaline earth metals • Transition metals • Halogens • Noble gases

  21. Manganese is in which group? • Alkali metals • Alkaline earth metals • Transition metals • Halogens • Noble gases

  22. Krypton is in which group? • Alkali metals • Alkaline earth metals • Transition metals • Halogens • Noble gases

  23. The majority of the diatomic gases are in which group? • Alkali metals • Alkaline earth metals • Transition metals • Halogens • Noble gases

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