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AUDIT ON WATER WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA

AUDIT ON WATER WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA. NATIONAL AUDIT DEPARTMENT. IR. MD. WAHID BIN MOHD NOR DIRECTOR WATER AUDIT DIVISION SEPTEMBER 2012. CONTENT.

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AUDIT ON WATER WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA

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  1. AUDIT ON WATERWATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA NATIONAL AUDIT DEPARTMENT IR. MD. WAHID BIN MOHD NOR DIRECTOR WATER AUDIT DIVISION SEPTEMBER 2012

  2. CONTENT 1. Introduction- Key National Statistics (Water) - Facts About Water - Water Regulatory Agency2. Water Cycle3. Objective, Scope & Methodology4. Line Of Inquiry5. Audit Finding & Issues6. Lesson Learn, Impact To The Public7. Way Forward

  3. Climate Change

  4. KEY NATIONAL STATISTICS (WATER) - 2010 Raw Water Source : Mainly Surface Water with minor groundwater Design Capacity : 16,771 MLD Production Capacity : 14,065 MLD Total No. of Treatment plant : 458 Total Length of Pipes : 131,286 KM Pipe Material : AC (31.9%), PE (16.8%), MS (24.7%), uPVC (15.5%), DI (7.4%), CI (1.2%), Others (2.5%) Total Connection :6,459,663 Connections : Domestic (86.7%), Non Domestic (13.3%) Per capita Consumption : 225 litre/cap/d NRW : 36% Population Served : Overall (94.2%) Urban (96.8%), Rural (89.7%)

  5. FACTS ABOUT WATER • Over 1.5 billion people do not have access to clean, safe water. • Almost 4 million people die each year from water related diseases. • 43% of water related deaths are due to diarrhea. • 98% of water related deaths occur in the developing world. • Unsafe water is the biggest killer of children under five; around 90% of all diarrheal deaths are in this age group. • Lack of access to clean water and sanitation has claimed more livesthrough disease than any war through guns.

  6. WATER REGULATORY AGENCY STATE FEDERAL TRUNK MAIN CATCHMENT AREA BALANCING RESERVOIR DISTRIBUTION MAIN SERVICE RESERVOIR l WATER TREATMENT PLANT DAM CONSUMER RIVER SOURCE TREATMENT DISTRIBUTION After Federal Constitution Amendment

  7. THE WATER CYCLE Water Cycle- Nature Water Cycle - Built Water Cycle Total Water Recycle

  8. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY To determine whether the planning, implementation, and monitoring drinking water quality has been managed properly, efficiently and effectively in accordance with the standards to ensure that drinking water supplied is safe and acceptable to consumers.

  9. THE SCOPE OF THE AUDIT • An audit covers 3 years from 2005 to 2007 to carry out analysis of data. Whereas in 2008, it will lead to an audit inspection on site.Involve the cooperation of: • State Water Operator - Covered the whole country • MOH (Ministry of Health Malaysia) • SPAN (National Water Services Commission) for the states in Peninsular only and Regulatory Bodies of Water (Sabah & Sarawak). • Covers the whole course starting from the raw water source to the user. • The study was carried out on networks / course for the 42 /453 of the treatment plant from the treatment plant in the country selected as a sample for an audit of drinking water quality management studies.

  10. METHODOLOGY • Audit methodology is included: • Samples were collected by the MOH and the State Water Supply Agency. • Inspection of the sampling stations. • Carry out analysis of data. • Ensure procedures are in compliance with standard sampling. • Carry out comparison of the sampling schedule, the performance of water quality and water quality trends for each state. • Implement the questionnaire concerning the quality of water supplied to consumers. • Comparison of unit cost and quality of water supplied.

  11. National Water Quality Standards for Malaysia (DOE) National Drinking Water Quality Standards Source: Ministry of Health Source: DOE 11

  12. TEST PARAMETERS ON THE WATER (PHYSICAL / CHEMICAL / BIOLOGICAL) • The tests carried out: - • pH • Turbidity • Colour • Free Residuel Chlorine • Iron • Manganese • Aluminium • Ammonia • Fluoride • Total/Faecal Coliform Physical Test Chemical Test Biological Test

  13. LINE OF INQUIRY • Government Policy • Law, Guidelines and Regulations • Water Quality Program • Water Quality Testing • Drinking Water Quality Standards • Human Capital Organizational Structure Manpower Requirements • Water Quality Testing Equipment Water Quality Testing Equipment Requirements Water Quality Testing Equipment Maintenance • Financial Requirements • Maintenance of Records Record of Water Quality Testing Public complaints • Monitoring mechanism

  14. AUDIT FINDINGS…… • There are number of weaknesses found in the drinking water quality management: • Most Catchment Area Not Gazetted. • Lack Of Awareness Among The State Water Authorities. • High Cost Involved • Fragmentation • Raw Water Quality -Deterioration In Water Quality • Illegal Activities In The Catchment Area • - Farming, • - Agriculture • - Livestock • - Garbage Disposal • - Deforestation • Illegal Activities In The River Basin • - Effluent Discharge - From STP • - Leachate Discharge – Solid Waste Disposal (Landfill) • - Industrial Discharge – Chemical & Biological • - Sludge Discharge From WTP • - Domestic Discharge – Grey & Dark Water • - Restaurant Discharge – Oil & Grease • - Sand Mining • Water Treatment Plant • Conventional Treatment Process • Competence Staff • Laboratory Equipment • Fluoridation Dosage System Water Catchment Area, Border Basin, Dam And Reserve Forest in the Selangor state

  15. Table : Area and Status of Water Catchment Forest Gazette Source: Department of Forestry / Regulatory Affairs / Water Supply Entities -2010 • % water catchment forest gazetted = 29% • More >70% still not gazetted • In process of gazetted = 1.66%

  16. AUDIT FINDINGS…… Ageing Infrastructure • 1. Treatment Plant • Using Conventional Treatment Vs Detoriate Raw Water Quality • Laboratory Equipment – Unreliable Data • 64% of Fluoride Dosing System not Functional • 2. Distribution System • - Main Pipeline & Reticulation System • -Burst & Leaks – Turbid Water, • - Corroded Pipe –Rusty Coloured Water • - Sampling Stations • - Site Testing – In-situ Test – equipment not well maintain • - Weekly/ Monthly Testing – Unreliable Data • - cased by – wrong sampling procedure • - sample not send on time • 3. Plumbing System • - G.I Communications Pipe - Corroded • - Old Storage Tank – Corroded – (press steel tank) – resulting in colored water Not calibrated Old equipment

  17. AUDIT FINDINGS…… Operation & Maintenance • Reservoir • Unscheduled Cleaning – Sediment Built Up • Coloured & Odour Water • 2. Pipe Network • Unscheduled Cleaning/Flushing & Scouring – Sediment Built Up • Visual Appearance – Coloured Water • Smell & Odour Water • Delayed Pipe Burst & Leak Repair – Back Siphoned • 3. Violation On Water Quality - Quality • Assurance Program (QAP) • Fluoride • Chlorine • Alumminium Sulphate Flushing Activities Before After

  18. DRINKING WATER QUALITY PERFORMANCE BASED QAP QAP violation Set By MOH Note: % who violate QAP Source: KKM • Mostly violate on parameters: • Residual chlorine • Alumminium

  19. Drinking Water Quality Performance Among State Based on the QAP Violation average QAP in the States for the Period 2006 to 2008

  20. IN-SITU WATER TEST & SAMPLING

  21. DESCRIPTION OF WORKS ‘AIR SCOURING’ Water quality before the work of ‘air-scouring’ Water quality in the work of ‘air-scouring’ Water quality after the work of ‘air-scouring’

  22. RESERVOIR CLEANING BEFORE CLEANING AFTER CLEANING

  23. WAY FORWARD - SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY • - Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) • Gazettement On Catchment Area • Enforcement • Integration Of Water Related Entity • -Demand Management • - Optimum Daily Consumption • - NRW Management • - Recycle Water • - Recycle Sewerage Water • - Recycle Industry Water • - Green Technology • - Renewable Resources • - Ground Water Replenished • - Rain Water Harvesting • - Roof Top • - Surface Runoff

  24. Thank You

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