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Existentialism personified by. Kierkegaard Nietzsche Heidegger Sartre. Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855). Set the stage for existentialism (anti-Hegel) awareness of our individual existence must decide for ourselves how to live we live in an age void of
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Existentialismpersonified by • Kierkegaard • Nietzsche • Heidegger • Sartre
Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) • Set the stage for existentialism (anti-Hegel) • awareness of our individual existence • must decide for ourselves how to live • we live in an age void of passion and commitment
Kierkegaard 3 stages of intellectual maturity 1) aesthetic stage 2) ethical stage 3) religious stage
Friedrich Nietzsche(1844-1900) • "will to power" • see the world in the way it best serves individual needs • Ubermensch • "Truths are illusions about which one has forgotten that this is what they are.“
Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) • We are thrust into the world for no apparent reason • we are aware of our own death • so we suffer angst • run away from angst, but also from our “authenticity.” • yet looking in is what gives us 1) purpose and 2) future; action toward what is not
Jean-Paul Sartre (1905 - 1980) • Existentialism • We cannot escape choosing • Choosing means • Freedom • Accepting Subjectivity • Determine own values • Determine own situation
Sartre (con’t) • Most of us flee from our freedom • Good faith/bad faith • Choices are subjective, but go for them wholeheartedly • Group praxis • Since nothing is determined, anything is possible
Summary Kierkegaard – only we can decide how to live Nietzsche – we decide whether to be supermen (have the world serve our needs) Heidegger – angst keeps us from our authenticity Sartre – a good life is recognizing our freedom to make choices
Implications for Leisure • No ideal for what is correct leisure • Responsibility to live fully • Responsibility to operate outside artificial standards • Must be committed to our actions • For rec professionals, force independent choice