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....MPI internal seminar 26.05.2010

....MPI internal seminar 26.05.2010. A general introduction to the EU-project 'HYPOX' and some results obtained during leg 15-1 of RV 'Maria S. Merian‘ F. Janssen 1 , J. Fischer 1 , M. Holtappels 1 , A. Lichtschlag 1 , F. Wenzhoefer 1,2 , J.-F. Rolin 3 , S. Le Reste 3 , A. Boetius 1,2

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....MPI internal seminar 26.05.2010

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  1. ....MPI internal seminar 26.05.2010 A general introduction to the EU-project 'HYPOX' and some results obtained during leg 15-1 of RV 'Maria S. Merian‘F. Janssen1, J. Fischer1, M. Holtappels1, A. Lichtschlag1, F. Wenzhoefer1,2, J.-F. Rolin3, S. Le Reste3, A. Boetius1,2 1Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology2Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research3Ifremer, France

  2. ......... introduction to the EU-project HYPOX »In situ monitoring of oxygen depletion in hypoxic ecosystems of coastal and open seas, and land-locked water bodies«

  3. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net • HYPOX - some facts • 16 partners from 11 nations • 3 years duration (2 years left) • budget / EU contribution: 4.7 / 3.5million Euro • coordination:A. Boetius, F. Janssen (MPI/AWI) & C. Waldmann (Marum)

  4. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net motivation: why study hypoxia? fish mass mortality in eutrophied waters of Lake Guanqiao, China Photograph by Zhou Chao/EPA

  5. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net motivation: why study hypoxia? The Epoch Times, Jul 12, 2007 “On July 11, pollution and extreme hot weather caused the sudden death of over 100,000 kilograms of fish in Guanqiao Lake…” fish mass mortality in eutrophied waters of Lake Guanqiao, China Photograph by Zhou Chao/EPA

  6. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net why study hypoxia: a more global view Diaz & Rosenberg, Science 321 (2008)

  7. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net why study hypoxia: a more global view Diaz & Rosenberg, Science 321 (2008)

  8. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net hypoxia, eutrophication & global warming high nutrient supply increased primary production and organic matterexport high remineralizationrates and O2 demand anaerobic processes and release of greenhouse gaseswarming nutrient releasefrom anoxic sediments warming of surface waters reduced O2 solubility and supply to deep waters enhanced stratification and reduced vertical mixing increased metabolicrates and O2 demand changes in wind fields and wind-driven mixing

  9. monitoring oxygen dynamics understanding hypoxia driving forces O 2 ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net general approach: monitoring – field campaigns - modeling

  10. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net observatory sites: open and coastal seas & land-locked water bodies

  11. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net observatory sites: open and coastal seas

  12. ....introduction to EU-project HYPOX www.hypox.net observatory sites: land-locked water bodies

  13. ......... RV Maria S. Merian, Leg 15-1: scientific aims, methods applied, and first results

  14. .... introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 Cruise track (7.4.-8.5.2010) (Cyprus – Heraklion…)…Istanbul – Eregli – Sevastopol - Istanbul

  15. .... introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 Participants MPI (habitat/MPG-HGF, Nutrient, Microsensor)MARUM, IBSS (UA), ITU (TR), INGV (IT), Eawag (CH), Ifremer (FR), IFM-GEOMAR

  16. .... introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 overall scientific aim response of Black Sea ecosystems to oxygen availability: biogeochemistry, microbial processes,microbial and metazoan communities, geochemistry

  17. .... introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 working areas of cruise leg MSM15-1 Bosporus outlet & Crimean Shelf

  18. .... introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 working area: Bosporus outlet

  19. .... introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 working area: Bosporus outlet

  20. .... introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 • Bosporus outlet: scientific focus • water column biogeochemistry at the oxic / anoxic transition & the effect of the intrusion of oxygenated Mediterranean waters • indications of present and past oxygen and redox conditions in the sedimentary record and in faunal assemblages

  21. ....introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 Bosporus outlet water column:methods applied CTD photos: Zeynep Erdem free-falling pump CTD

  22. ....introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 Bosporus outlet sediments:methods applied BoxCorer photos: Zeynep Erdem and Felix Janssen Gravity corer MultipleCorer

  23. originallyplanned area substitute area after original area was blocked by military exercise ....introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 working area Crimean Shelf

  24. ....introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 Crimean Shelf bathymetry

  25. ....introduction to Maria S. Merian cruise leg MSM15-1 Crimean Shelf bathymetry

  26. ....... Crimean shelf: scientific focus taking the Crimean Shelf as a natural laboratory to investigate ecosystem response to hypoxia

  27. ....... • scientific focus • site characterization: monitoring of oxygen gradients and dynamics (MPI, INGV, MARUM) • ecosystem response to changing oxygen concentrations: biogeochemistry & microbial processes (MPI) • hypoxia-driven shifts in microbial & faunal communities and biodiversity (IBSS, MPI) • depth / oxygen limit for the distribution of meiofauna organisms (IBSS)

  28. ........ site characterization: monitoring of oxygen gradients and dynamics

  29. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics exploratory dives with »JAGO« photo: D. Donis

  30. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics exploratory dives with »JAGO«

  31. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics CTD casts:O2-distribution snapshots

  32. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics CTD casts:O2-distribution snapshots

  33. buoyancy CTDs current meterwith O2 sensor anchor weight ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics moorings: oxygen time series

  34. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics example time series (135m)

  35. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics current velocity and direction

  36. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics Multi Fiber Optode (»MuFO«):oxygen gradient dynamics photos: D. Donis

  37. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics Multi Fiber Optode (»MuFO«)oxygen gradient dynamics (150m) J. Fischer, unpublished data

  38. ....monitoring oxygen gradient and dynamics site characteristics: no stable cross shelf oxygen gradient but highly dynamic distribution follow up questions: how active is the benthic community in making use of the oxygen while it is available? is the benthic oxygen consumption significantly influencing bottom water O2?

  39. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity BBL profiler:role of benthic boundary layer for oxygen transport to the sediment sensor-equipped slide: O2-sensors (optodes) CTD ADV Microsensors watersampling ports e.g. nutrients,methane, N2/Arg Photograph: M. Holtappels

  40. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity BBL profiler:role of benthic boundary layer for oxygen transport to the sediment 135 m water depth,hypoxic conditions M. Holtappels, unpublished data

  41. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity microsensor and chamber measurements:sediment oxygen distribution and uptake benthicchamber micro-profiler photos: R. North, K. Hissmann, M. Busack

  42. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity microsensor and chamber measurements:platforms used moored frame benthic crawler »MOVE« photos: D. Donis, K. Hissmann

  43. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity microsensor profile examples (100m) A. Lichtschlag + F. Wenzhöfer, unpublished data

  44. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity microsensor profile examples (100m) diffusive O2 uptake rate~ 6.1 ±4.1 mmole m-2 d-1 A. Lichtschlag + F. Wenzhöfer, unpublished data

  45. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity chamber incubation example (100m) total O2 uptake rate~ 6.6 mmole m-2 d-1 A. Lichtschlag + F. Wenzhöfer, unpublished data

  46. ....monitoring oxygen transport and benthic activity oxygen consumption characteristics: low benthic activity follow up question: lack of organic matter or lack of benthic communities to use it?

  47. ....why is there low benthic activity? abundant fluffy organic matter rich layers photos: R. Stiens

  48. ....why is there low benthic activity? spots of organic matter accumulation photos: J. Schauer, D. Donis

  49. ....why is there low benthic activity? hypothesis: oscillating oxygen concentrations and temporary hypoxia / anoxia prevents theestablishment of an active benthic community follow up question: to which extent is that true for the metazoan fauna? which abundances / biomasses / diversities are found and is that related to oxygen avalability?

  50. ....metazoan community response to oxygen cooperation with Ukrainian Scientistsduring leg MSM15-1 IBSS-Scientists joining: Dr. S. Mazlumyan photos: F. Janssen, K. Hissmann Prof. N. Sergeeva Dr. M. Gulin

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