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Partner Training 1

Small Cities Climate Action Partnership (SCCAP) Innovator Pilot. Partner Training 1. Workshop Agenda. Introductions. SEI team City Staff Warm-up Discussion What role does energy play in your city?. Unit 1: Energy Management . Energy Management. Has traditionally meant:

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Partner Training 1

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  1. Small Cities Climate Action Partnership (SCCAP) Innovator Pilot Partner Training 1

  2. Workshop Agenda

  3. Introductions • SEI team • City Staff • Warm-up Discussion • What role does energy play in your city?

  4. Unit 1: Energy Management

  5. Energy Management • Has traditionally meant: • Utility bill tracking, monitoring, and verifying • Replacing aging inefficient equipment w/new higher efficiency equipment • Improving control and modifying behavior • Participating in utility rebate programs • Raising “energy” awareness

  6. Energy Management • Has not been important traditionally because • Energy costs were low • Tools and resources were out of reach for most small cities • Utility bill M&V were expensive and labor intensive • Is important because: • Savings can equal or exceed costs in the long run • Increases comfort/reduces emissions • Meets long-term goals

  7. Energy Management • Green Buildings can have significant resource conservation benefits • Energy Management is essential to realizing these benefits Source: USGBC.org

  8. Energy Management • Impacts from historical Investment in Energy Efficiency in California versus US as a whole http://www.energy.ca.gov/2007_energypolicy/

  9. Energy Management is Evolving • Increasing Availability of Cost-effective energy tools • Distributed generation – On-site, grid-tied power generation • Electric and hybrid electric vehicles • Light-emitting-diodes (LED) • Nest Thermostat www.nest.com/ http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/space_heating_cooling/index.cfm/mytopic=12630

  10. Energy Management is Evolving • Customers have more choice for supply purchase • Electricity and natural gas utility deregulation/restructuring (e.g., ABAG Power Pool) • Self-generation • Independent commodity providers • Other supply options • Having more choices can thus increase the effort needed to manage those choices to ensure positive outcomes.

  11. Energy Management is Evolving • Energy management is increasingly “green oriented” • Climate change mandates are driving energy management decisions and green product offerings from utilities • Energy management is no longer just about cost savings, but also about greenhouse gas emissions reductions • Energy management alignswith goals of Climate Action Plans or Energy Action Plans

  12. Energy Management is Evolving • Municipal infrastructure investments may benefit from change: • Role decision analysis (analysis paralysis) • Role of long-range planning • Potential for revenue generation and reinvestment of savings

  13. Agents of Change: Emerging Tools for Municipal Energy Management • The internet is taking on a larger role in energy management • Wireless technology, miniaturization, and remote control of equipment are more common http://greenfrog.typepad.com/weblog/2011/04/energy-efficiency-world-gathers-in-santa-barbara-for-summit-and-sheds-light-on-opportunities-to-make.html

  14. Agents of Change: Greater Access to Your Data • Utilities are becoming more interactive with customers • Online information (especially time of use ([TOU], real-time data) could help people to manage their energy use and lifestyle • New rate structures (e.g., TOU & real-time rates) • Electronic-billing (e-billing) and access to usage data • Green Button • Customers empowered to make sophisticated energy decisions • Conservation • energy efficiency, • distributed generation, and • Load shedding (demand response)

  15. Agents of Change: Financing • New financing tools also relate to energy management • On-Bill Financing • PACE (Property Assessed Clean Energy) • PPA (Power Purchase Agreements) • CREB (Clean Renewable Energy Bonds) • ESCO (Energy Service Company) • FiT (Feed-in Tariff)

  16. What This Means for Small Cities • More complexity? • A good clear understanding through proper education is key • Knowing what’s coming helps you to prepare – but who has a crystal ball? • Potential Benefits: • Better control of systems means lower costs and increased comfort • Greater energy independence • Cleaner air • Potential new revenue streams • 21st century workspace

  17. What This Means for Small Cities • Energy management will always take some work • Need to clearly define goals and roles to manage your energy • Self-empowerment and cooperation with the utility? PG&E says: “We’re In This Together” www.pge.com

  18. Unit 2: Energy Fundamentals

  19. Power Mix U.S. Primary Energy Flow by Source and Sector, 2009 U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Review 2009

  20. Power Mix • Renewable vs. Non-renewable power • Climate Neutral power

  21. Overview of Electricity Generation, Transmission, and Distribution Process Secondary service and Primary Distribution are provided at 4, 12, 16 & 33kV Then stepped-up for Long Distance Transmission to 230,000 to 500,000 Volts Step-down transformers bring voltage levels back down to sub-transmission voltage levels @ 66 - 115 kV Power is produced at 13,000 - 22,000 Volts Local Distribution transformers provide 115 - 230V to residences GENERATION TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION LOAD http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_grid

  22. The Electricity Grid • Links power plants to load centers • Links transmission lines together • Power is ‘pooled’ in the transmission system, and each distribution system draws from the pool • ‘System’ has diversity of sources • 150 computerized control centers to dispatch generators as needed http://www.eoearth.org/article/Smart_grid An electron is an electron!

  23. Natural Gas: Status – electrical and non-electrical uses 40-50% of electricity in PG&E territory is derived from NG Source: California Energy Commission

  24. Natural Gas: Process http://www.tva.gov/power/images/

  25. Overview of Gas Generation, Transmission, and Distribution Process • Like the electricity system the NG system has losses and inefficiencies throughout and can have disastrous consequences

  26. How We Use Energy

  27. Overview of Demand and Energy 250 Watts 250 Watts 250 Watts 250 Watts Four 250 Watt computers turned on and drawing 1000 Watts or 1 kiloWatt (1kW) Demand is…

  28. Overview of Demand and Energy Energy is the measure of demand (kW) and time (hours) and is expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh). Demand x Time = Energy usage 1kW x 12hours = 12kWh You can view your total energy usage over the day in the form of a load curve.

  29. Overview of Municipal Load Profile

  30. Overview of Supply and Demand Peak Period 24 Hour Day Oil/Spot Market Off Peak Off Peak Natural Gas LOAD in MW (Demand) Price of Power Geothermal Hydro Nuclear Midnight Noon Midnight Note: Utility time-of-use rates reflect hourly cost of power. www.pge.com

  31. Quiz Time! • Name some ways that energy management is evolving. • What are some reasons why small cities might be invested in energy management? • If you have a 100 kW motor that runs for 2 hours every day (7 days a week), how much energy does it consume in one week? • What is the demand of your motor? • How much electricity is lost in transmission and distribution in the current electric system? • What are the 2 municipal energy end-uses that account for the most electricity consumption? How about for natural gas? • What are some examples of distributed generation? • Name two load-shifting activities to reduce peak demand.

  32. Unit 3: Utility Bills and Energy Management Tools

  33. Utility Pricing • Conventional Utility Pricing • Profit based on how much is sold • Rates based on cost of service plus profit margin • Energy efficiency is a disincentive • Decoupling • Separates fixed costs/profit margin from volume of sales • Slight rate increase to adjust for reduced volume (2-3%) • New power plant costs not passed on to consumer • California: 1982, 2001 • Every $1 invested by utilities in EE = $2 customer savings

  34. Electricity Rates Explained • Rate schedules • Time of Use (TOU) • Peak Day Pricing • Demand metering • Seasonal and tiered rates www.pge.com

  35. Bill Paying Process • Paper bills versus electronic bills • Bill consolidators • Discussion about payment process • Are bills reviewed? • Do energy users ever see the bill? • What would it take to change this process? • Pros and Cons • Needed changes

  36. Rate Optimization • What is rate optimization? • The importance of being on the right rate schedule • Tools and resources to conduct rate optimization • Albany Child Care Center case study

  37. Rate Opt • Why A10? • What’s Different? • Automation

  38. Energy Management Tools • GHG inventories • Climate Action Plan • Cost tracking • Project tracking • Discovering billing mistakes • Rate analysis • Awards • Identifying future projects • Decision analysis

  39. Energy Management Tools Comparison

  40. Energy Management Tools

  41. Pacific Gas and Electric, Co. Tools http://www.pge.com/

  42. Pacific Gas and Electric, Co. Tools http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/environment/whatyoucando/greencommunities/ http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/myaccount/myaccount/ http://www.pge.com/greenbutton/

  43. Pacific Gas and Electric, Co. Tools http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/environment/whatyoucando/greencommunities/

  44. Portfolio Manager https://www.energystar.gov/istar/pmpam/

  45. EnergyCAP Express http://www.energycap.com/products/energycap-express

  46. Municipal Energy Planning Tool

  47. Energy Management Tools Discussion

  48. Unit 4: Wrap-up

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