Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytok

1. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

2. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

3. Fig. 24.01

4. Fig. 24.02 Terpenes are made from C5 units

5. Thyme leaf surface Spearmint trichome Resin duct, Jeffrey Pine Secretory cavity lemon Fig. 24.03

6. Nuts and Bolts The terpene lecture is on the web Papers are due Thursday, May 9 Final exam Saturday, May 18 - 105 Tureaud

8. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

11. In plants, hemes are built from glutamate in the chloroplast In animals and fungi, hemes are made from succinyl CoA and glycine in the mitochondria The chlorophyll phytol tail is a terpene

12. phytol Fig. 12.04

13. Heme Biosynthesis (animals) Succinyl CoA + glycine

14. Fig. 12.05

15. Glutamic acid to ALA

16. Two ALA molecules are condensed to make porphobilinogen

17. 4 porphobilinogen molecules make up protoporphyrinogen IX Fig. 12.05

18. Chlorophyll biosynthesis begins with chelation of Mg+2 Fig. 12.05

19. Fig. 12.05

20. Chlorophyll biosynthetic intermediates Protoporphyrinogen – four rings Protochlorophyllide – Ring V is made Chlorophyllide – Ring IV is reduced Chlorophyll – phytol is atttached

23. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

24. The isoprene unit is the basic building block of terpenes The isoprene unit has five carbons Three Acetyl CoA molecules make up mevalonic acid (MVA) which has (6 carbons) MVA is oxidized, CO2 is lost and isopentenylpyrophosphate (IPP) is made This occurs in the ER There is another pathway in the plastid (don’t worry about it)

27. Fig. 24.04 ER pathway Highly regulated

28. Fig. 24.04 ER pathway (continued)

29. Fig. 24.05

30. Plastid pathway (top) Fig. 14.25

32. Fig. 24.07

33. No Yes

34. Fig. 12.07

35. Fig. 12.08

36. C20 head to head dimerization C40

42. Fig. 17.24

43. Fig. 17.27

44. See also Figure 17.28

50. Fig. 17.61