Personality Disorders

1. Personality Disorders

2. Personality Disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience, and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the person’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.

3. Onset • Occurstypically in adolescence or early adulthood. The enduring personality pattern is evident across a broad range of personal and social situations.

4. The disorder is manifested in at least two of the following areas: • cognition • affect • Interpersonal functioning • Or impulse control

5. Personality Traits Personality Traits are enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself that are exhibited in a wide range of context.

6. Personality Traits • Only when personality traits are inflexible and maladaptive do they constitute Personality Disorders. • BOTH Disorders and Traits are listed onAXIS 2

7. Personality Disorders are often co-morbid with another Personality Disorder and with Mood. • Depression • Anxiety • And Substance use Disorders.

8. Diagnosis • The diagnosis of a Personality Disorder requires and evaluation of the person’s long-term patterns of functioning. • Personality disorders and traits are “clustered” into 3 similar types

9. Cluster (A) • This is the “oddest” cluster • The personality group is • Paranoid Personality Disorder • Schizoid personality Disorder • Schizotypal Personality Disorder

10. Cluster A These cannot be diagnosed if the pattern occurs exclusively during the course of • Schizophrenia • A Mood Disorder with Psychotic Features • or during a Substance induced paranoia, substance induce psychosis etc……….

11. Paranoid Personality disorder • Pattern of distrust • Suspiciousness • Begins in early adulthood and that is present in a variety of context • Others are exploiting or harming him • Preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the trustworthiness of others • Reads’ hidden meanings into benign remarks

12. Schizoid personality Disorder • Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotions. • does not enjoy close relations • No pleasure in activities • Indifferent to praise or criticism • Seems very cold and detached.

13. Schizotypal • A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits • Acute discomfort or reduced capacity for close relationships • Cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities • Examples next slide…………

14. Schizotypal • examples • Ideas of references • Odd beliefs • Magical thinking • Unusual perceptual experiences • Odd thinking and speech • Suspicious or paranoid • Odd or eccentric behaviors or appearance

15. CLUSTER (B) • Antisocial personality Disorder • A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others as manifest by • Repeated acts that are grounds for arrest • Deceitfulness • Impulsivity, aggressiveness • Consistent irresponsibility • LACK OF REMORSE

16. Antisocial personality Disorder • CANNOT DIAGNOSIS ANYONE UNDER THE AGE OF 18 WITH ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER • NOT ALL CRIMINALS ARE ANTI-SOCIAL • MANY PEOPLE HAVE ANTISOCIAL TRAITS…BUT NOT DISORDER

17. Borderline Personality Disorder • Sexual abuse and trauma • Instability of interpersonal relationships • EXTREME impulsiveness---------self harmful behaviors (like you would never believe!) • Very anxiety driven • Very poor self image • Often very difficult to work with

18. Histrionic Personality Disorder • not a typical one to see without other problems

19. Narcissistic Personality Disoder • Extremely GRANDIOUS • Must be admired • Center of the Universe, • Arrogant • Interpersonally exploitative • Very envious

20. CLUSTER (C) • AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER • A pervasive pattern of social inhibition • Feelings of inadequacy

21. AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER • Hypersensitivity to negative evaluations • As displayed as • Avoidance of occupational activities that involve interpersonal contact, unwillingness to get involved with people, restraint within relationships because of fear of being shamed, preoccupation with criticism. • Belief that one is inept or inferior

22. DEPENDENT PERSONALITY • OH GOD…….PLEASE SOMEONE TAKE CARE OF ME!!!!! I CAN’T DO IT MYSELF…..I CAN’T BE ALONE…….I WILL DO ANTHING TO MAKE YOU LOVE ME………..

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24. AND THAT’S ALL FOLKES!