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Local Piezoelectric Response and Elastic Properties as Measured with AFM

Local Piezoelectric Response and Elastic Properties as Measured with AFM. Emily Smith eas48@drexel.edu Advisor: Dr. Spanier. Problem Statement. Techniques to measure local properties of bone Correlation with hierarchical structures Piezoelectricity connection with bone growth.

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Local Piezoelectric Response and Elastic Properties as Measured with AFM

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  1. Local Piezoelectric Response andElastic Properties asMeasured with AFM Emily Smith eas48@drexel.edu Advisor: Dr. Spanier

  2. Problem Statement • Techniques to measure local properties of bone • Correlation with hierarchical structures • Piezoelectricity connection with bone growth

  3. What is Bone? • Collagen • Protein • Hydroxyapatite Ca-phosphate mineral • Types • Cortical • Cancellous http://silver.neep.wisc.edu/~lakes/BME601.html

  4. Bone Hierarchical Structure Rho, Jae-Young, Liisa Kuhn-Spearing and Peter Zioupos. Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone. Mechanical Engineering & Physics. 20 (1998) 92-102.

  5. Multiple Nuclei nucleus Bone Cells • Osteoclasts • Breaks down and removes bone material • Osteoblasts • Forms new bone material • Osteocytes • Senses problems and pressure in the bone http://depts.washington.edu/bonebio/bonAbout/bonecells.html

  6. Microscope Image of Bone Cells http://depts.washington.edu/bonebio/bonAbout/bonecells.html

  7. Principle of AFM http://www.npl.co.uk/smd/npl_research/afm_theory.html

  8. Atomic Force Microscopy • Scan probe microscopy • Three Topographic Modes • Contact • AC Intermittent • AC Non-contact www.asylumresearch.com

  9. Force vs. Tip-Sample Separation C- Contact IC – Intermittent Contact NC – Non-contact Catalin Harnagea. Local piezoelectric response and domain structures in ferroelectric thin films investigated by voltage-modulated force microscopy. Ph.D. thesis. 2001

  10. Piezoelectricity • Piezoelectric • Mechanical Stress => Electric Field • Equation: D = d * σ • Converse Piezoelectric Effect • Equation: x = d * E • Ferroelectric • Spontaneous Dipole Moment • Domains

  11. Elasticity • Ratio of stress and strain • Ability to return to its original shape • Current ways to measure Strength Stress Elastic Range Strain http://hotmix.ce.washington.edu/wsdot_web/Modules/04_design_parameters/04-2_body.htm#elastic_modulus

  12. Piezoresponse Scan Principle • AC voltage • Conductive Tip • Contact Mode

  13. Single Lamella Scan of Sample: Lamella of Cortical Bone Line cross-section of scan: Shows height Rho, Jae-Young, Liisa Kuhn-Spearing and Peter Zioupos. Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone. Mechanical Engineering & Physics. 20 (1998) 92-102.

  14. Example of Piezoresponse Scan a- Topographic image of a Bi4Ti3O12 grain (line added) b- The domain structure Catalin Harnagea. Local piezoelectric response and domain structures in ferroelectric thin films investigated by voltage-modulated force microscopy. Ph.D. thesis. 2001

  15. Piezoelectric Response in Bone • Topography • (b)/(c) Piezoresponse Scan C. Halperin, S. Mutchnik, A. Agronin, M. Molotskii, P. Urenski, M. Salai, and G. Rosenman. Piezoelectric Effect in Human Bones Studied in Nanometer Scale. Nano Letters. 4 (2004) 1253-6.

  16. Future Work • Piezoelectric Response • Piezoelectric coefficient • Elasticity measurement

  17. Literature • Jae-Young Rho, Liisa Kuhn-Spearing and Peter Zioupos. Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone. Mechanical Engineering & Physics. 20 (1998) 92-102. • Catalin Harnagea. Local piezoelectric response and domain structures in ferroelectric thin films investigated by voltage-modulated force microscopy. Ph.D. thesis. 2001 • C. Halperin, S. Mutchnik, A. Agronin, M. Molotskii, P. Urenski, M. Salai, and G. Rosenman. Piezoelectric Effect in Human Bones Studied in Nanometer Scale. Nano Letters. 4 (2004) 1253-6. • http://silver.neep.wisc.edu/~lakes/BME601.html • http://depts.washington.edu/bonebio/bonAbout/bonecells.html • http://www.npl.co.uk/smd/npl_research/afm_theory.html • www.asylumresearch.com • http://hotmix.ce.washington.edu/wsdot_web/Modules/04_design_parameters/04-2_body.htm#elastic_modulus

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