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Cigre 2013 Colloquium

Cigre 2013 Colloquium. INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TELECOMMUNICATION FUTURE CONTROL CENTER WITH ADVENT OF SMARTGRID N. S. Sodha Executive Director Load Dispatch and Communication Department POWERGRID. INDIAN POWER SECTOR SCENARIO.

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Cigre 2013 Colloquium

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  1. Cigre 2013 Colloquium INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TELECOMMUNICATION FUTURE CONTROL CENTER WITH ADVENT OF SMARTGRID N. S. Sodha Executive Director Load Dispatch and Communication Department POWERGRID

  2. INDIAN POWER SECTOR SCENARIO • Electricity growth in fast growing Indian economy needs to match the pace of economic growth for sustained developmental efforts. • Peak demand is expected to increase more than 170 GW by 2013 • Growth rate of Indian Economy, installed capacity of Power Generation shall be about 600 GW by 2025 • The technology advance in communication, computing and power system algorithms has made it possible to rethink the way to perform real time monitoring and control. • The system at RLDCs has grown obsolete in terms of hardware and application versions. The regulatory environment has also changed after implementation of Electricity Act 2003 and Decentralized Scheduling, Availability based Tariff (ABT). • In view of above, a large scale Regional SCADA/EMS upgrades for Indian Power Sector is under progress.

  3. RENEWABLE ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA • Share of renewable in current mix is around 12% that is planned to increase to 17.5% by 2017 • Exploitable renewable potential by 2032 is estimated at 183 GW • RPO of 5% set by the regulator for distribution utilities is likely to be enhanced to 10% by 2015 and thereafter increasing @ 1% per year till 2020 • India has voluntarily made commitment to reduce carbon intensity by 20-25% by 2020 (from 2005 levels) • Several national missions already in progress: • National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE) target to achieve fuel savings of about 23 million tons • JNNSM target to add 20 GW of grid-connected solar power by 2022 *As on 31-05-12, Source : CEA 25 Sep 2012

  4. PROJECTED POWER SCENARIO @8% GDP growth rate At current 8-10 % of economic growth, the installed capacity requirement of the country shall be around 685GW by the year 2030 25 Sep 2012 *As on 31-05-12, Source : CEA

  5. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT • The design criteria adopted for ULDC scheme was in consonance with the available technology and organizational set up. • Due to organizational and regulatory changes in the Indian Power Sector the functional requirements of the operations have also undergone changes. • The changes in the IT industry towards compact hardware, portability of software and application platforms, emergence of Service Oriented Architecture, emerging browser based universal access tool has brought many changes in SCADA systems. The technological changes which are having an impact on upgrade are as follows. • CIM • Cyber Security • Storage & retrieval (Historian) • SOA • Virtualization • Disaster Management

  6. Highlights of these upgrade Projects • Installation of Back up Control Centre • Hybrid Estimator for integrating PMU data with SCADA values for improved state estimation. • Maintenance Contract of 7 years (Life Cycle cost) • Provision of Applications for integration of Scheduling application, ABT Metering and Open Access with SCADA/EMS System. • Use of Secure ICCP Protocol • Web based User Interface • Migration strategy for data acquisition from existing RTUs at • Main Control Centres • Backup Control Centres • Migration strategy for data exchange among Control Centres • Parallel operation of existing and new systems and integration issues while minimising downtime and proprietary work in existing systems.

  7. FUTURE CONTROL CENTRES IN INDIA • Future control center, shall be more automated, and based on wide-area measurement, Grid Security Expert System (GSES) and system protection scheme.  • Control center should support new generation sensors and devices as well as the new Smart Grid eco system, comprising of distributed generation, electric vehicles, energy storage devices etc. • Future control center, shall be more automated and may have • Wide-area measurement, • Grid Security Expert System (GSES) • System protection scheme. 

  8. Load Dispatch Centres for Renewable Energy • Solar, wind, biomass and small hydro are the major RE sources in India. • India has an installed capacity of 20,162 MW (10.9 % of total generating capacity) of Renewable energy • Plans for further expansion of 41,500 MW by 2017 • Wind based generation capacity constitutes about 80% of the total renewable energy • Wind energy potential is mainly concentrated in the western and southern part of the countries coastal areas.

  9. SYNCHROPHASOR TECHNOLOGY • Phasor measurement Unit (PMU) provide synchronized measurements from geographically distant locations • Increase the situational awareness of power system status every cycle of power frequency. • The Synchrophasor technology is a major breakthrough in providing time synchronized and dynamic visibility of the power system. • PMUs were infused for better monitoring and control of Indian Grid

  10. Typical Data Flow from PMU

  11. Open Close Close Close SCADA Telemetry SCADA Telemetry Several Seconds to a Minute milli secs to sec STATE MEASUREMENT V KV P MW Q MVAR Hz Hz Network model State Estimator ~ SCADA v/s PMUs STATE ESTIMATION • Traditionally developed for accommodating old information technology regime (Slow communication, data without time stamp) • Made possible for all round development in technologies

  12. Wide Area Monitoring System (WAMS) • Based on the input from widely spread PMU system can be monitored in the better way Some of the applications that may be developed using PMU data are as follows • Angular separation analysis and alarming • Monitoring of long-duration, low frequency, inter-area sustained oscillations • Monitoring and control of voltage stability • System Model Validation and Fine Tuning of Parameters • System Protection Scheme to Wide Area Protection Schemes (SPS to WAPS) • CT/CVT Calibration

  13. Monitoring and Control functions for Future control centers • Monitoring Functions • From state estimation to state measurement • From one line diagram to wide-area GIS • From limited stability margin monitoring to true stability margin monitoring • From Mixed communication system to dedicated communication system • Assessment Function • From Alarm Management to Intelligent Alarm Advancement • From steady state security assessment to dynamic security assessment

  14. Monitoring and Control functions for Future control centers • Control Functions • From local control actions to globally coordinated control actions • From offline-based parameter settings to online reconfigured parameter settings • From offline-based control strategy to online restorative plan

  15. Benefits of WAMS Benchmarking and parameter validation Post Mortem Analysis Reduction in investigation time and improves quality of investigation) Protection Schemes It will improve Selectivity, sensitivity, dependability & security of both the apparatus and system To take control decision, like relay blocking, tripping or transfer tripping, the prediction about stability will have to be done fast enough i.e., before damage is manifested in the system

  16. GRID SECURITY EXPERT SYSTEM (GSES) A Grid Security Expert System (GSES) based on WAMS should be there to automatically disconnect the loads or the generation depending upon the criticality of Grid based upon Real Time information. • The scheme for disconnection shall be implemented in well defined conditions e.g. overloading, overdrawl, etc. • These conditions shall be dynamically verified through a suitable logic based upon various simulation studies. • A tripping shall be initiated for pre identified feeders/ load of the constituent / agency who is responsible for such cause.

  17. GRID SECURITY EXPERT SYSTEM (GSES) GSES system shall have well defined logic by monitoring the following before actuating the actual operation:- • Real-time flow of the load and generator to be disconnected • Status of Numerical Relays, Programmable Logic Controller, and Digital tele-protection Coupler used for load /generation disconnection etc.

  18. Question • The concurrent upgrades which are expected in distribution, generation and power market domain systems to leverage the benefit of future Smart Transmission Control Centres: • As a result of introduction of Peak Load Management, Power Quality improvement features in distribution system more power may be available for trading and load shedding may be reduced. As we will have better monitoring of the system stability as a result of WAMS more power may be available exchange between the regions and so for trading.

  19. THANK YOU For your kind Attention please

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