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Health Promotion for The Growing Child & Family

Health Promotion for The Growing Child & Family. West Georgia Technical College Fall 2011 Maquissa Thomas, MS, WHNP, RNC. Chapter 25 Review:

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Health Promotion for The Growing Child & Family

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  1. Health Promotion for The Growing Child & Family West Georgia Technical College Fall 2011 Maquissa Thomas, MS, WHNP, RNC

  2. Chapter 25 Review: Growth & Development of the Newborn & Infant

  3. Growth & Development Overview • Physical Growth • Weight : usually doubles by 4- 6 months; triples by 12 month • Height: 1 inch monthly X 6months: ½ inch last 6 months - Head & chest circumference Not routinely assessed after infancy

  4. Organ / System maturation • Neurologic System • States of Consciousness • Brain Growth: Rapid growth! , grows 2 ½ times by 12 months • Reflexes - Primitive: tend to phase as movements become more purposeful; persistence should be investigated - Protective (parachute, posturing)

  5. Organ / system maturation • Respiratory System: RR decreases (20- 30 min)12 months, RR more regular & rhythmic • Cardiovascular System: - size doubles within by first year, - pulse <100, - BP increases by 12 months, average BP @ birth= 60/40 - average BP @ 12 months = 100/50

  6. Organ / system maturation • Gastrointestinal System • Teeth • First set begins to appear around 6-8 months • 4-8 teeth by 12 months • Digestion • stomach capacity @ birth around ½ to 1oz • Stools • Stools vary r/t diet, medications, iron-supplements • Frequency vary 1-4 daily based on diet • By one year average 3 meals/ 2 snacks • Warning Signs:

  7. Organ / system maturation • Hematopoietic System • HgbF • HgbA • Immunologic System • IgG • IgA, IgD, IgE

  8. Organ / system maturation • Genitourinary • Urinate frequently • Low specific gravity • Immature renal structures (glomeruli mature function by age 2 yrs) • Reduced filtration rate • Integumentary • Veins • Mottling • Acrocyanosis

  9. Gross Motor Skills (Cephalocaudal)

  10. Fine Motor Skills (Proximodistal)

  11. Developmental Pattern

  12. Sensory Development • Sight • Nearsighted at birth • Binocularity (6weeks- 4months) • 7 months: color- vision, distance vision, ability to track objects • Hearing • Intact at birth • Voice recognition by age one

  13. Sensory development • Smell & Taste • Develops rapidly • Sweet taste preferred fist few months of life • Touch • Important for newborn communication • Prefers soft sensations • Sense caregiver’s mood by touch

  14. Social & Emotional Development • Trust Vs. Mistrust • Stranger anxiety • Separation Anxiety • Temperament

  15. Nurse’s Role in growth & Development • Promoting Growth & Development through Play • Prefers parents to toys • Solitary play • Books • SEE FIGURE 25.6 for age appropriate toys • Promotion of Early Learning • Reading • Neurological development

  16. Nurse’s Role in growth & Development • Promoting Safety • The number one cause of death in infants between ages 6-12 months is injury • Safety in the Car • Safety in the Home • Safety in Water

  17. Nurse’s Role in growth & Development • Promoting Nutrition • Cultural Factors • Nutritional Needs

  18. Nurse’s Role in growth & Development • Promoting Nutrition • Breastfeeding • Breast milk composition • Breast milk supply & demand • Bottle feeding • Feeding patterns • Types of formulas & bottles • Special formulas

  19. Nurse’s Role in growth & Development • Promoting Nutrition • Cultural factors • Progressing to solid foods • Assessing infant readiness • Choosing appropriate solid foods • Promoting healthy eating habits (SEE Figure 26:11 - Young Child Food Pyramid)

  20. Nurse’s Role in growth & Development • Teaching newborn care • Promoting healthy sleep & rest • Promoting healthy teeth & gums • Promoting appropriate discipline • Addressing child care needs

  21. Nurse’s Role in growth & Development • Common Developmental Concerns • Colic • Thumb sucking, pacifiers, and security • Teething

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