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THE ELEMENTS

THE ELEMENTS. THE ELEMENTS. There are currently 118 discovered elements They are arranged in increasing atomic number in the periodic table The vertical columns of the table are named families/groups The horizantal rows of the table are named periods. THE ELEMENTS-Groups.

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THE ELEMENTS

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  1. THE ELEMENTS

  2. THE ELEMENTS • There are currently 118 discovered elements • They are arranged in increasing atomic number in the periodic table • The vertical columns of the table are named families/groups • The horizantal rows of the table are named periods

  3. THE ELEMENTS-Groups • Numbers 1-18 (or 1A-8A and 1B-10B) • Groups contain similar properties

  4. THE ELEMENTS-Periods • Properties change somewhat regularly across periods • The closer two elements are in a period, the more similar to each other they are

  5. THE ELEMENTS-Lanthanide and Actinide • These series of elements are placed belowthe periodic table • They fit between elements 57 and 89 • They are place below the table for visual appeal

  6. THE ELEMENTS-METALS & NONMETALS • The two main categories of elements are metals and nonmetals. • Metals are on the left of the periodic table • Nonmetals are on the right of the periodic table • Metalloids have properties of each and are found along the dividing line

  7. Types of Elements-METALS • A majority of the elements • Shiny (metallic luster) • CONDUCT ELECTRICITY & HEAT • Solid at room temperature • Malleable • (able to be hammered into thin sheets) • Ductile • (able to be drawn into wire) • High tensile strength • (resist breaking when pulled)

  8. Types of Elements-NONMETALS • Many are gases at room temperature • Only ONE is liquid…. • Bromine • Solid nonmetals are unlike metals in that… • They are brittle..NOT malleable or ductile • They are POOR heat/electricity conductors

  9. Types of Elements-METALLOIDS • Have some characteristics similar to metals and other characteristics similar to nonmetals • ALL are solid at room temperature • Semiconductors • Certain metalloids have somewhat of a luster • Metalloids are less malleable than metals and less brittle than nonmetals

  10. Types of Elements-NOBLE GASES • Special group of nonmetals • Group 18 (8A) • UNREACTIVE (or nearly so) • All gases

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