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The elements

The elements. The Elements. Approximately 90 elements occur naturally on Earth. In recent years, chemists have made more than 25 new elements. Based on their properties, elements can be divided into three classes: Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids. Metals. Most elements are metals.

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The elements

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  1. The elements

  2. The Elements • Approximately 90 elements occur naturally on Earth. In recent years, chemists have made more than 25 new elements. Based on their properties, elements can be divided into three classes: Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids

  3. Metals • Most elements are metals. • Most metals are shiny and grey/silver in colour • Malleable and ductile • Ex. Silver, Sodium, Mercury

  4. Non-metals • Only 17 elements • Do not resemble metals • 11 are gases, 5 are solids, 1 liquid (bromine) • Ex. Sulphur (yellow, brittle, solid)

  5. Metalloids • Elements with metallic and non-metallic properties • Can conduct electricity (but poorly) = semiconductor • Used as semiconductors in electronic devices • Ex. Silicon

  6. Element Symbols • The symbols for the elements are used worldwide no matter what the language. • Some symbols are taken from their English name. Ex. C for Carbon • Some symbols are taken from their Latin name Ex. Silver is Ag from Argentum • An element symbol consists of one or two letters. The first letter is always capitalized and the second letter is small

  7. Some Common Elements • Iron – Fe • Carbon – C • Hydrogen – H • Oxygen – O • Sodium – Na • Chlorine – Cl

  8. Elements & symbols to memorize • The first 20 PLUS • Iron (Fe) Platinum (Pt) • Copper (Cu) Gold (Au) • Arsenic (As) Mercury (Hg) • Bromine (Br) Lead (Pb) • Silver (Ag) Tungsten (W) • Tin (Sn) • Iodine (I)

  9. Textbook Questions • Using the Periodic Table at the back of the text book and section 5.2 (pages 178-185) • Answer questions Pg 187#1-7 • Remember, you can access your textbook online at sciencesource.ca

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