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Laser Illumination of Pilots in the National Airspace System. Green laser pointers are now responsible for > 86% of aircraft lazing incidents. Their light (532 nm) is near the human eyes’ peak sensitivity. Visual and Physiological Effects and Operational Problems by Altitude. ZONE.
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Laser Illumination of Pilots in the National Airspace System
Green laser pointers are now responsible for > 86% of aircraft lazing incidents. Their light (532 nm) is near the human eyes’ peak sensitivity.
Visual and Physiological Effects and Operational Problems by Altitude ZONE VISUAL EFFECTS PAIN/ INJURY OPERATIONAL PROBLEM COCKPIT ILLUMINATIONS GLARE FLASH- BLINDNESS AFTER-IMAGE LASER FREE 4 6 9 5 10 18 CRITICAL 8 14 9 7 13 37 ≥10K 5 5 1 0 1 9 TOTAL 17 25 19 12 24 64
Percentage of Laser Illuminations by Month Type of Flight
Percentage of Laser Illuminations by Time of Day Note: Laser Illuminations occur most frequently from 6:30 – 11:30 p.m.
FAA Order 7400.2 was revised to establish zones of navigable airspace around airports to protect flight crewmembers from temporary visual impairment during critical flight operations.
FAA 737 Flight Simulator Kodak DC240, aperture f/2.8, shutter speed 1/6 s
Irradiance level: 0.5 µW/cm2 Simulates the effect of a 5 mW green laser pointer as seen from 3,000 feet away, or a 300 mW laser from 16,000 feet away
Irradiance level: 5 µW/cm2 Simulates the effect of a 5 mW green laser pointer as seen from 1,000 feet away, or a 300 mW laser from 6,700 feet away
Irradiance level: 50 µW/cm2 Simulates the effect of a 5 mW green laser pointer as seen from 330 feet away, or a 300 mW laser from 2,400 feet away