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Juvenile Offenders

Juvenile Offenders. Purpose. What is the purpose of the JO system?. Differences Between the Adult and Juvenile Systems. What are the most significant differences between the juvenile and adult CJ systems?. Why IS This?. Belief that immaturity diminishes responsibility Punishment Unjustified

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Juvenile Offenders

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  1. Juvenile Offenders

  2. Purpose • What is the purpose of the JO system?

  3. Differences Between the Adult and Juvenile Systems • What are the most significant differences between the juvenile and adult CJ systems?

  4. Why IS This? • Belief that immaturity diminishes responsibility • Punishment Unjustified • Belief that young offenders are more amenable to TX

  5. Why IS This? • Belief that immaturity diminishes responsibility • Punishment Unjustified • Stabbing, 17X, Bent Knife, “You ell me..” • Belief that young offenders are more amenable to TX

  6. CBC Use

  7. CBC Use • The Juvenile Justice System uses CBC programs more than the adult system.

  8. Why IS That • Unlike the adult system,

  9. Similarity To Adult System • Similar to the adult system,

  10. Juvenile Probation • Informal Probation • Probation (AKA: Formal Probation)

  11. Serious Crime • Unfortunately, a small number of JOs commit the majority of serious juvenile crime.

  12. JO Violence • Why is JO violence increasing when crime as a whole is declining?

  13. Does Crime Pay? • It is not unusual for a smart, enterprising high school dropout to make $2,000 per week. • When really smart, the car, home and other assets are in their significant other’s name.

  14. Most Common Jo Crime • What are the most common JO crimes?

  15. JO Crime Generally • JOs Commit: • 29% fo Serious Crime • 33% of Property Crime • 18% of Violent Crime

  16. JOs and Drug TX • Different from the adult system, JOs have the requirement for academic education.

  17. Restitution and Community Service • Restorative Justice • Makes JO Feel Part of the Community • Develops a Sense of Accomplishment • Provides a Sense of Closure • Develops a Sense of Responsibility

  18. Restitution Problem • Most JOs are unemployed.

  19. Employment Impact On Crime • Does JO employment impact crime?

  20. Urban Delinquency And SA • Males enter serious delinquency patterns from 3 behavioral pathways.

  21. Urban Delinquency And SA • Males enter serious delinquency patterns from 3 behavioral pathways. • 1. Early Authority Conflict Prior to Age 12

  22. Urban Delinquency And SA • Males enter serious delinquency patterns from 3 behavioral pathways. • 2. Covert Pathway

  23. Urban Delinquency And SA • Males enter serious delinquency patterns from 3 behavioral pathways. • 3. Overt Pathway

  24. Predicting Delinquency • Can we gauge the likelihood of a JO engaging in serious delinquency?

  25. High Correlates To JO Crime

  26. Juvenile Court • Juvenile cases are most often dealt with in Juvenile Court. • Some cases, based on the seriousness of the offense, are referred directly to Circuit Court regardless of the JOs age.

  27. VA Court System Overview • General District Court • Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court • Circuit Court • Court of Appeals • Virginia Supreme Court

  28. VA Court System Overview • General District Court

  29. VA Court System Overview • Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court

  30. VA Court System Overview • Circuit Court

  31. VA Court System Overview • Court of Appeals

  32. VA Court System Overview • Supreme Court of Virginia

  33. JO Processing • Intake • Detention • Adjudication • Disposition

  34. JO Processing • Intake (Initial Screening)

  35. JO Processing • Detention

  36. JO Processing • Adjudication

  37. JO Processing • Disposition

  38. Community Alternatives to Detention • Home Detention • Similar to Pre-Trial Release • Temporary Shelters • Foster Care, Group Homes

  39. School Related Problems • Alternative Schools • Special Ed., Counseling • Traditional Schools • Reduced Teaching Load, Probation-Like Supervision

  40. Unique Programs • Wilderness Programs • Opportunity for Success • Pride • Cooperation • Self-Worth, • Learn to Trust Others

  41. Administration • Can Be Local Or State Run • Can Have Separate Intake and Supervision Duties

  42. Caseloads • What is the average juvenile system PO caseload?

  43. Aftercare • JO Aftercare (AKA: Juvenile Parole)

  44. Re-Entry Programs • Re-entry programs are needed. • JOs have many of the same problems as adults. • Problems are compounded by adolescence.

  45. Juvenile Court Debate • Should Juvenile Courts be restructured? • Critics: • Should Only Deal With Criminal Cases • Impose Longer Sentences on Serious Offenders • Supporters: • Say Age Minimizes Culpability • Say JOs Are More Amenable to TX

  46. Effectiveness • Does Juvenile probation work?

  47. Criticisms • Criticisms of the Juvenile Court System • CBCs too often supplement rather than replace confinement (Net Widening). • Functions to control rather than to therapeutically aid.

  48. Future Trends • Future Trends in Juvenile CBC

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