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Recommended varieties, package & practices and Roadmap of maize development in NE state

Recommended varieties, package & practices and Roadmap of maize development in NE state. Vinay Mahajan Principal Scientist Directorate of Maize Research Pusa Campus, New Delhi. Maize Development in NE Region. Climate Change in NE Region and its affect on crop yield

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Recommended varieties, package & practices and Roadmap of maize development in NE state

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  1. Recommended varieties, package & practices and Roadmap of maize development in NE state VinayMahajan Principal Scientist Directorate of Maize Research Pusa Campus, New Delhi

  2. Maize Development in NE Region • Climate Change in NE Region and its affect on crop yield • Adaptable maize hybrids Improved Agronomic practices • Roadmap for Maize Development in NE Region • Rich in Germplasm and Adaptability of Genotypes • New Genetic Material and Seed Production • Abiotic-Biotic factors • Equipping Farmers with Latest Technology • Biotechnology tools

  3. Climate change in NE region Directorate of Maize Research Monthly Rainfall distribution over three block years of Jorhat region • Reduction in total rainfall by 425 mm • Change in shift in peak and spread of Rainfall

  4. Rainfall pattern in different months of kharif season and different agro-climatic zones

  5. Performance of checks for days to anthesis, days to silk and yield in their respective years of testing Days to anthesis Directorate of Maize Research Days to silk Yield (kg/ha)

  6. Performance of maize in different zones

  7. Assessment of Climate Change in NE region Climate change research, includes • Key climate variables are • Temperature fluctuations • Erratic monsoon (intensity and frequency) • Humidity • Soil erosion • Critical assessment of different crops/zones for vulnerability to climatic stresses and extreme events, especially of intra-seasonal variability of rainfall, temperature, disease severity etc Source: NESAC (2009), Shillong

  8. Hybrids (Extra-Early) Suitable for NEH

  9. Hybrids/Composite (Extra-Early) Suitable for NEH

  10. Vivek Maize Hybrid 45 Adaptation: Zone I (UK, HP, J&K, NEH) Grain: Yellow, Semi-Flint, flat bold seed Maturity: 85-90 days Plant height : 200 cm Yield: 60 q/ha

  11. Vivek Maize Hybrid 39 Adaptation: Zone I (UK, HP, J&K, NEH) Grain: Yellow with cap, Semi-Flint Maturity: 85-90 days Plant height : 180cm Yield: 56-58q/ha

  12. Vivek Maize Hybrid 33 Adaptation: Zone I (Hills of UK, HP, J&K and NEH) Grain: Yellow Dent flat, Tolerant to turcicum leaf blight Plant height : 200-210cm; Maturity: 88-90 days; Ear Shape: Conico-cylindrical; 1000-Gr Wt: 265 g Yield: 55-57 q/ha

  13. Vivek Maize Hybrid 25 Adaptation: Zone I(Himalayan hills up to 2200 m amsl) Grain: Yellow bold, semi-dent; Plant height: 200-225 cm; Maturity - 85-90 days; Highlytolerant to leaf blight (Highest: 2.3) Yield: 60-65 q/ha

  14. Vivek Maize Hybrid 21 Adaptation: Zone I, II & IV(Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab Western UP and Himalayan hills upto 2200m amsl Grain: Yellow Semi-dent; Tolerant to turcicumblight Plant height : 180-210 cm; Maturity: 85-90 days; Yield: 55-60 q/ha

  15. Vivek SankulMakka35 Adaptation: Zone I (UK, HP, J&K, NEH Region) Grain: Yellow Flint Maturity: 85-90 days Plant height : 177cm Yield: 50-55 q/ha

  16. QPM Maize Hybrids Suitable NE Region

  17. Vivek QPM 9First Extra- Early QPM version of Vivek Maize Hybrid 9 Adaptation: Uttarakhand Hills& Zone I & IV Grain: Yellow semi-flint Yield: 45-50 q/ha (Organic) 58-60 q/ha Zone I 50-55 q/ha Zone IV Maturity: 85-90days; Plant height : 210-215 cm

  18. Babycorn Composites/ Hybrids

  19. VL Babycorn-1 (Composite) • Adaptation: Throughout the country • Parentage: [(VL 16 X Murulia) x VL 16) X VL 16)] • Highly prolific (2.5 - 3 ears/plant), conical shaped, straight ovary rows, creamy yellow, sweet and tolerant to turcicumblight and high plant density • Babycorn yield – 12-13 q/ha + Green fodder yield – 300 q/ha Seed Yield: 40 q/ha • First Babycorn composite Released for All India

  20. Roadmap for Maize Development in NE Region

  21. Rich in Germplasm and Adaptable Genotypes Diverse materials with several adaptive traits • Local landraces have better adaptability • Good combiners from local land races • Genotypes can be preferably used as female line • Utilisation of Near-Related species that offer natural tolerance to stresses • Good Crossing ability among some Genus/ species • Protecting and strengthening conservation programs of genetic diversity and special efforts on Farmer’s Participation for on-site preservation of local land races • Adaptive traits differ according to the climatic conditions; emphasis on early and medium maturing hybrids

  22. New Genetic Material and Seed Production • Evaluation of AICMIP trials with new genetic materials and identification of promising adapted genotypes for the NE region • Increase in the number of field evaluations: Multi-location evaluations over seasons • Emphasis on hybrid seed production in mission mode approach • Ensuring the timely availability of inputs like seed, fertilizers and other inputs even to the remote farmers

  23. Climate change and Abiotic-Biotic factors • Understanding climate change in NE region • Crops and varieties are required to withstand unpredictable biotic and abiotic stresses • Manage Limited / Excess water stress (anaerobic) • Water lodging (germination/flowering/grain filling) • Drought in winter season • Monitoring of stresses: Intensity and Duration • Germination & Seedling Establishment under prolonged high moisture condition (Anaerobic) • Low-Nitrogen tolerance and increase Nitrogen Use Efficiency • Disease resistance (BLSB, TLB) • Recovery from the stress under field conditions

  24. Equipping Farmers with Latest Technology • Sensitizing the state agricultural officers on new and noval technologies in maize • Assist and educate farmers in latest technology under changing climate • Adapting new technology suitable farming systems • Provide farmers with affordable genotypes and techniques • Simultaneous scaling up of outputs through KVKs and the National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture for wider adoption by the farmers

  25. Marker Assisted SelectionVivek QPM 9 • New breeding method based on genotypic selection • Genetic architecture of the trait should decide ways of marker intervention (Rex Bernardo, 2008) • In Genotype X environment interaction if genotype explains larger portion of variation then genetic markers can be used to select desirable phenotype; if phenotype is determined largely by environment then changes in agronomy are effective in producing desirable types Cross Segregating population Genotype phenotype QTL New variety Gene discovery Responsive genes Candidate genes

  26. Saluting the variability of NE Region Thanks

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