1 / 23

Acids, Bases and pH scale

Acids, Bases and pH scale. ACIDS. Compound that releases Hydrogen ions (H+). Examples of Common Acids. Hydrochloric acid – HCl Hydrosulfuric acid – H 2 SO 4 Nitric acid – H 2 NO 3 What do these formulas have in common?. Acetic Acid - Vinegar HC 2 H 3 O 2. Lactic Acid.

azra
Download Presentation

Acids, Bases and pH scale

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Acids, Bases and pH scale

  2. ACIDS • Compoundthat releases Hydrogen ions (H+)

  3. Examples of Common Acids • Hydrochloric acid – HCl • Hydrosulfuric acid – H2SO4 • Nitric acid – H2NO3 What do these formulas have in common?

  4. Acetic Acid - VinegarHC2H3O2

  5. Lactic Acid • Found in foods like yogurt and • cottage cheese and sourdough bread • Causes muscle soreness

  6. Citric Acid • Found abundantly in citrus fruits • (lemons, oranges, grapefruit) • Used to add a sour taste to foods • Flavoring in soft drinks

  7. Formic Acid • In the venom of ants and bees • HCO2H

  8. Amino Acids • “Building blocks” of protein molecules

  9. Bases • Bases are compounds that release Hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. • Also called alkalines.

  10. Examples of Common Bases Sodium hydroxide – NaOH Calcium hydroxide – CaOH Magnesium hydroxide – Mg(OH)2 Most soaps and detergents are basic

  11. All compounds are eitherAcids, Bases, or Neither Chemical Formula Acid Base Neither

  12. pH The measurement of the amount of H+ (hydrogen ions) in solution

  13. pH Scale - Range is 0 - 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7__8 9 10 11 12 13 14

  14. pH Acid Base Neutral • Determining a compound’s property from its pH value

  15. Most living things must live in an environment of pH 6.5 – 7.5 HOWEVER, there are some exceptions: • Acidophiles– bacteria that live in highlyacidic environments. They have evolved a variety of specialized mechanisms to maintain their intracellular pH at a constant level (usually 7.2). • Example: L. acidophilus breaks down food in the intestine

  16. Specialized cells in stomach lining make HCl “stomach acid” of pH 1 Parietal Cells

  17. Azalea plants thrive in acidic soil of pH 4.5

  18. Soil pH • Alkaline soil makes hydrangeas pink

  19. Acidic soil makes hydrangeas blue

  20. Buffers • Help prevent any large changes in pH • Buffers are molecules that can bind to an H+ ion when the H+ concentration increases - “locks” it up so the solution doesn’t get more acidic • Releases an H+ ion when the H+ concentration decreases

  21. Blood pH and Buffers • Normal pH of blood between 7.35 - 7.45 • Less than 6.8 or greater than 7.8 is deadly • Buffers in blood help prevent any large change in blood pH

  22. Lysergic acid diethylamide

More Related