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6. The Cell membrane

6. The Cell membrane. Describe the structure and parts of the cell membrane and explain details of its role in the cell. Starter. Name one type of lipid What is the name given to bonds between amino acids What main elements make up carbohydrates?

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6. The Cell membrane

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  1. 6. The Cell membrane Describe the structure and parts of the cell membrane and explain details of its role in the cell.

  2. Starter. • Name one type of lipid • What is the name given to bonds between amino acids • What main elements make up carbohydrates? • What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer • What is an essential amino acid? • What has to happen to lipids, carbohydrates and proteins once they are eaten by us?

  3. The Cell Membrane • Is the barrier between a living cell and the outside world. • The structure is often called the fluid mosaic model discovered 1972 • Fluid because it is made of two layers (a bilayer) of phospholipidsmolecules and other components which can move sideways throughout the layer. • Mosaic because the proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol dotted throughout the membrane look like a mosaic pattern • http://www.susanahalpine.com/anim/Life/memb.htm

  4. Key components - Lipids • Phospholipids – have two ends. The hydrophilic (water soluble) phosphate end and the hydrophobic (insoluble in w_______) fatty acid end. Form a bilayer with the f______ acids tails on the inside and the hydrop______ groups on the outside in the watery environment. The two layers stop m____________ of large molecules into the cell. The fluid environment allows small molecules such as o______ and water to diffuse through. • Cholesterol helps stiffen the membrane. Not found in p________ cells.

  5. S_________ proteins help to give the cell support and shape. • Cell membrane r________ proteins help cells communicate with their external environment • T_______________ proteins, such as globular proteins, transport molecules across cell membranes. • C_____________ are involved in cell recognition.

  6. Structure – add labels • Add the missing labels to the diagram A Carbohydrate chains B Phospholipid bilayer C Transport protein D Hydrophobic tails

  7. Lipid bilayer animation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qqsf_UJcfBc

  8. Group task – cell membrane model • Use half toothpicks and plasticene to create phospholipids. • Make proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol from 3 other colours and create a cell membrane model with toothpick tails turned inwards.

  9. Role of Membrane in Cells • Isolate enzymes from rest of cell. • Smooth ER is a network of membranes involved in lipid synthesis • Surround nucleus and contain DNA • Rough ER – protein synthesis • Entry and Export of substances from cell by vesicles • Cell communication and recognition • Packaging and secretion in the Golgi Apparatus • Selective transport by channel proteins. • Energy Transfer in mitochondria and choroplasts

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