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Embedded Systems Operational Amplifiers

Embedded Systems Operational Amplifiers. OpAmps. …very high gain dc-coupled differential amplifiers with single-ended outputs…. NC. offset null. 24 transistors 11 resistors 1 capacitor amplifier gains ~ 10 5 -10 6. invert. +15V. out. non-invert. offset null. -15V.

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Embedded Systems Operational Amplifiers

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  1. Embedded SystemsOperational Amplifiers

  2. OpAmps …very high gain dc-coupled differential amplifiers with single-ended outputs… NC offset null 24 transistors 11 resistors 1 capacitor amplifier gains ~ 105-106 invert +15V out non-invert offset null -15V about $0.60 a piece

  3. +15V V+ output ~ K (V+ - V-) K ~ 106 V- OpAmps a few millivolts difference between inputs will cause the output to swing full range output swings dramatically and via feedback, makes difference between the inputs go to zero inputs draw no current (10-9A) -15V

  4. stable or unstable? What does it mean to say the op amp is stable? OpAmps V+ Vout= K (V+ - V-) V-

  5. V+ Vout= K (V+ - V-) V- What does it mean to say the op amp is stable? OpAmps stable or unstable?

  6. OpAmps - Negative Feedback feedback - comparing the output of a system to the desired output in order to make a signed corrective action CYBERNETICS negative feedback - connect the output back to the input in such a way as to cancel some of the input. • Harold S. Black - patent application on negative • feedback in 1928 was “…treated in the same manner as one for a perpetual motion machine.”

  7. I1 I2 OpAmps - Stable Inverting Amplifier assume V+=V-=GND I1+I2 = 0 note: low input and output impedance, R1+R2

  8. OpAmps - Stable Non-Inverting Amplifier assume V+=V-=GND large input impedance Zin ~ 108W

  9. OpAmps - Unity Gain Follower

  10. OpAmps - Current-to-Voltage Converter

  11. OpAmps - Summing Amplifier weighted sum? digital to analog converter?

  12. OpAmps - Bipolar Power Amplifier

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