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Mediterranean. Environs. Urbs. Etruscans. 7 Kings . Romulus (& Remus) Numa Pompilius Tullus Hostilius Ancus Marcius (ancestor of Coriolanus) Tarquinius Priscus Servius Tullius Tarquinius Superbus. Rape of the Sabine Women. Nicolas Poussin, 17 th Century.
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7 Kings • Romulus (& Remus) • Numa Pompilius • Tullus Hostilius • Ancus Marcius (ancestor of Coriolanus) • Tarquinius Priscus • Servius Tullius • Tarquinius Superbus
Rape of the Sabine Women Nicolas Poussin, 17th Century
Social/Political Organization • Rex – war, religion, law • Imperium – absolute power • Senatus (members are Patres) • Comitia (members are from the Populus) • Patricii (Wealthy, old families)& Plebs (poor) • Patronus & Cliens (traditional relationship between wealthy and poor families) • Also slave/free, citizen/non-citizen
Social/Religious Structures • Domus headed by Paterfamilias Family deities-Lares, Penates, Vesta • Jupiter & Mars, numina, manes • State headed by Rex State deities – same, plus Janus as guardian of gates • Divination an important function • Reciprocity in dealings with gods
509 Tarquinius Superbus expelled by Brutus- casus is rape of Lucretia by Tarquin’s son This event was followed by the founding of a Republic and 250 years of struggles (Vide ‘Coriolanus’) internal – between ‘orders’ external – with other Italian folk Rape of Lucretia by Vecelli, 1570