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Current flows to the right ( I ). Magnetic Field ( B ). From the conventional current, we have created practical ways to find the shape and direction of a magnetic field around a straight wire and a solenoid . 2D Conventional current uses right hand rule. e -. e -. e -.

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  1. Current flows to the right (I) Magnetic Field (B) From the conventional current, we have created practical ways to find the shape and direction of a magnetic field around a straight wire and a solenoid. 2D Conventional current uses right hand rule e- e- e-

  2. Current flow (I) Current flow (I) Now, looking at a wire: Looking at the top: INCOMING current Looking at the bottom: OUTGOING current

  3. Looking at the bottom: OUTGOING current Looking at the top: INCOMING current ARROW HEAD ARROW TAIL WITH FEATHERS

  4. In the right hand, your fingers have roles in determining the magnetic field: Thumb: The thumb points in the same direction as the conventional current (I). 4 fingers: The four fingers point in the direction of the magnetic field (B). B I 1. RIGHT-HAND RULE: How to determine the magnetic fields around a straight wire

  5. Clockwise orientation Counter-clockwise orientation

  6. I I Looking at the top: INCOMING current Looking at the bottom: OUTGING current

  7. N S I Now since there are magnetic fields surrounding the wire, we can pinpoint the north and south poles. Reminder: the magnetic fields start at the north pole and head to the south pole in a bar magnet. S S S N N N

  8. S S S N N N N Compass

  9. N N N S S S N Compass

  10. S S S N N N

  11. B B Please note that the magnetic fields generated by a wire are circular not elliptical.

  12. 2. RIGHT-HAND RULE: How to determine the magnetic fields around a solenoid or an electromagnet But first: what is a solenoid? Junk yard trucks

  13. Components of a solenoid: a solenoid is made of an iron core wrapped in electrical wire. Iron core. Copper wire wrapped around the core. Power source, e.g. battery.

  14. + -

  15. In the right hand, your fingers have roles in determining the magnetic field: 4 fingers: The four fingers point in the same direction as the conventional current (I). Thumb: The thumb points in the direction of the magnetic field (B), it points north. I B In the case of a solenoid, a magnetic field is also generated. N

  16. So, here is a solenoid with an iron core wrapped in a wire. The letter I indicates the direction of the current. e- e- e- e- e- I

  17. Now, lets look at the solenoids from an INGOING/OUTGOING perspective. I

  18. B I

  19. I B N S

  20. N S

  21. Electromagnet: So, an electromagnet is a magnet created by an electrical current passing through a solenoid. It was invented by William Sturgeon in 1823.

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