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Reported Statements. Tense Shift. Present Simple - Past Simple Present Perfect - Past Perfect Present Continuous - Past Continuous Past Simple - Past Perfect Past Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous am/is/are going to - was/ were going to
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Tense Shift • Present Simple - Past Simple • Present Perfect - Past Perfect • Present Continuous - Past Continuous • Past Simple - Past Perfect • Past Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous • am/is/are going to - was/ were going to • Future Simple - Future-in-the Past
Time and place expressions • here • now • last year • last month • yesterday • today • next year there then the year before, the previous year the month before, the previous month the day before that day the following year
Say and tell said He said (that) … He saidto me (that)… told He told me that…
Other reporting verbs • decided • thought • added • explained • answered, replied • announced, claimed • complained • denied, refused • promised • admitted