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Sensory Emergencies

Sensory Emergencies. Eyes, Ears, & Nose . Anatomy. Review in book! Ch 25 & 26. Eye Parts. Conjunctiva Lacrimal Glands Sclera Pupil Iris Cornea Lens Retina Optic nerve. Vitreous humor Aqueous humor. Eye Injuries. enucleation laceration foreign objects abrasion burns.

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Sensory Emergencies

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  1. Sensory Emergencies Eyes, Ears, & Nose

  2. Anatomy Review in book! Ch 25 & 26

  3. Eye Parts • Conjunctiva • Lacrimal Glands • Sclera • Pupil • Iris • Cornea • Lens • Retina • Optic nerve • Vitreous humor • Aqueous humor

  4. Eye Injuries • enucleation • laceration • foreign objects • abrasion • burns

  5. Eye injuries - notes • Signs can be subtle • Example - hyphema (blood in anterior chamber of eye)

  6. Lacerations • Cut to the globe or surrounding tissue • Never exert pressure on or manipulate the eye • If part of eyeball is exposed, apply a moist, sterile dressing and eye shield

  7. small foreign objects - irrigate with saline Flush from the nose outward Never attempt to remove an object on the cornea Foreign Objects in the Eye

  8. Impaled Object • Do not remove it • Immobilize the object in place • Moist sterile dressing over the injured eye only* *LA county

  9. Chemical Burns • Irrigate - Irrigate - Irrigate • Use water or saline solution • 20 minutes • powder or liquid = irrigate • Dry dressing

  10. Thermal Burns • Usually to the eyelid • Cover both eyes with a moist, sterile dressing and eye shield • Transport supine to burn center.

  11. Light Burns • Infrared rays, eclipse light, direct sunlight, laser burns • Welding without protection • Burns on cornea • Very painful • Cover eyes with sterile pad and eye shield. • Transport supine

  12. other... Not Trauma Related • blurred vision • double vision • sudden blindness Think CVA or other neurological

  13. Eye Injuries Following a Head Injury • One pupil larger than the other • Eyes not moving together • Failure of the eyes to follow equally • Bleeding under the conjunctiva • Protrusion or bulging of one eye

  14. Contact lenses • Leave in place unless chemical burn • Trying to remove them can damage cornea • If irrigation removes them - fine • If patient removes them - fine • If there is no function in an eye, ask if the patient has an artificial eye

  15. Ear Anatomy • External ear • Middle ear • Inner ear

  16. Injuries of the Ear • Doesn’t usually bleed much. • Place a dressing between ear and scalp • For avulsion, moist sterile dressing. • Do not try to remove a foreign body • CSF/blood • Ruptured tympanic membrane

  17. Ears - notes • ringing in ears • sudden deafness - CVA? • Inner ear infections - Vertigo

  18. Nasal Anatomy • Septum • Turbinates • Frontal sinus

  19. Injuries of the Nose • Blunt trauma can cause fractures and soft-tissue injuries. • CSF/blood • Use dry sterile dressing for soft tissue injuries • Object inserted in nose can be removed if freely movable • Impaled objects get bulky dressing

  20. Nose Bleeds • Lean forward • Pinch nostrils and hold • Blood is an irritant to the stomach • Hypertensive?

  21. the end Next!

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