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Renewable Energy Targets and Policy Strategies in Mekong Countries

Renewable Energy Targets and Policy Strategies in Mekong Countries. Policy and Incentive Mechanism for Renewable Energy Development in EEP Mekong Countries 20 November 2012 Melia Hotel Hanoi, Hanoi Vietnam Dr. Romeo Pacudan

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Renewable Energy Targets and Policy Strategies in Mekong Countries

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  1. Renewable Energy Targets and Policy Strategies in Mekong Countries Policy and Incentive Mechanism for Renewable Energy Development in EEP Mekong Countries 20 November 2012 Melia Hotel Hanoi, Hanoi Vietnam Dr. Romeo Pacudan Team Leader ADB TA 7679: Promoting RE, clean fuels and EE in the GMS Lahmeyer International GmbH

  2. Structure of Presentation • Formulating Policy Framework for RE Development • RE Targets • Technology specific targets • RE technologies • Policy interventions • Support Mechanisms • Final Remarks test

  3. 1. Formulating Policy Framework for RE DevelopmentRE planning and policy setting process

  4. 2. RE Targets • 118 countries with targets in 2012 • More than half are from developing countries • Mostly renewable electricity targets • Others – (1) % share of final or primary energy supply; (2) installed capacity; (3) heat supply; (4) biofuels targets • Recently, many countries have increased their targets Source: REN21, 2012

  5. 44% • 10% • 8% • Vietnam • Electricity production by 2020 • ASEAN • Electricity installed capacity by 2015 (including hydropower and biofuels) • Thailand • Total energy consumption by 2021 • Thailand • Oil substitution by 2021 • Lao PDR • Each for biodiesel and bioethanol 2025 • Myanmar • Combined biofuels by 2020 2. RE and Biofuels Policy Targets in the Mekong • RE Targets and achievements • Biofuels Targets • Lao PDR • Total energy consumption by 2025 • Myanmar • Total power generation installed capacity by 2020 • Cambodia • Rural electricity supply by 2015

  6. 3. Technology Specific TargetsThailand (2021) ‘Alternative Energy Development Plan’ • RE Targets and achievements • Biofuels Targets and achievements

  7. 3. Technology Specific TargetsLao PDR (2025) ‘Renewable Energy Development Strategy’ • RE Targets and achievements • Biofuels Targets and achievements

  8. 3. Technology Specific TargetsVietnam (2030) ‘Power Development Plan 7’ • RE Targets and achievements

  9. 3. Technology Specific TargetsFlexibility and ‘Raising the Bar’ Thailand’s REDP: Past Thailand’s AEDP: Present Source: Dr Sinsukprasert 2010 Vietnam’s Wind Power Planning Source: Dr Sinsukprasert 2012 Source: Dr Nguyen Anh Tuan 2012

  10. 4. RE TechnologiesTechnology maturity, costs and rationale for policy interventions Policy Interventions externalities Cost Reductions from learning

  11. 4. RE TechnologiesSolar PV technological learning curve

  12. 5. Policy InterventionsTechnology maturity and incentive mechanisms Source: UNEP-SEFI 2008 R&D Funding Public Funding Fiscal Policies Regulatory Frameworks

  13. 5. Policy InterventionsTechnology maturity, financing and incentive mechanisms Source: UNEP-SEFI 2008 R&D Funding Public Funding Fiscal Policies Regulatory Frameworks

  14. 6. Support MechanismsFinancial incentives • Capital subsidy, rebate • Tax incentives • Energy payments Public Funding R&D Funding Fiscal Policies • Public investments • Loans, grants • Competitive bidding Regulatory Frameworks • Feed-in Tariff • RPS, Quota and Obligations • Net Metering • Tradable Renewable Energy Certificate

  15. 6. Support MechanismsRE Policy Evolution in Developed Countries: Shift to regulatory policies supported by fiscal incentives RD & D Investment Incentives Tax Measures Feed-in Tariffs Voluntary Programs Obligations Tradable Certificates 1970 1980 1990 2000 Source: IEA 2005

  16. 5. Policy InterventionsRE economic and non-economic barriers Source: IEA 2011

  17. 6. Support MechanismsMekong countries Feed-in tariff (wind), avoided costs for other RE Feed-in Adder solar, wind, biomass, MSW, biogas Wind potential information Information on energy potential Tax Incentives Tax incentives, soft loan, exempt land & environ fees BOI incentives, low interest loan, capital support Demonstration Projects Demonstration Projects Demonstration Projects S & T Fund Demonstration Research, Prototype Demonstration Utility Investments Investments by Ministries involved Utility Investments Utility Investments Utility Investments

  18. 6. Support MechanismsThailand Source: Thailand PV Status Report 2012

  19. 6. Support MechanismsVietnam Wind information Tax incentives, duty exemptions Land and environmental fees exemptions Wind Feed-in-Tariff Source: adapted from Dr Nguyen Anh Tuan 2012

  20. 6. Support MechanismsIncreasing use of FIT in the ASEAN

  21. 6. Support MechanismsThailand’s feed-in adder and solar PV investments Source: Thailand PV Status Report 2012

  22. 6. Support MechanismsVietnam’s wind policies and wind power development Wind Power Projects under Development Over 4,000 MW Source: adapted from Dr Nguyen Anh Tuan 2012

  23. 6. Support MechanismsFeed-in tariff funding Key Issue: consumer impacts Key Issue: politically sensitive Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, PR China, India, etc Ex: Republic of Korea Ex: Mongolia Key Issue: Sufficiency of funding Key Issue: disagreements from constituencies

  24. 7. Final Remarks

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